4\'5 



ii^' 



MONOGRAPHY 



GENUS CAMELLIA, 



AN ESSAY 



CULTURE, DESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION, 

ILLUSTRATED BY TWO SYNOPTICAL TABLES : THE FIRST CONTAINING THE NAMICS OF TWO 

HUNDRED AND SEVENTY VARIETIES, WITH THE COLOR AND FORM OF THE FLOWERS, 

THE SPECIES OR VARIETY WHICH HAVE PRODUCED THEM, THE PLACE OF THEIR 

ORIGIN, AND THE PERIOD OF THEIR INTRODUCTION INTO EUROPE ; AND 

THE^SECOND PRESENTS TWO ASCENDING GAMUTS, IN WHICH ARE 

PAINTED THE SHADES OF COLOR PECULIAR TO THE KNOWN 

CAMELLIAS, WITH THEIR SPECIFIC DENOMINATIONS. 



BY THE ABBE BERLESE, 

MEMBER OF SEVERAL FRENCH AND FOREIGN LEARNED SOCIETIES. 



TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH BY 

HENRY A. S. l>EARBORN. 



BOSTON: 

PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & COMPAN]^ 
1838. 



\ 






r^K^^^^^ 



3^ 



Enterel according to Act of Congresj, in Ihc yfar 1835, by JOSEPH BRECK & Co., in the Clerk's Office of 
Oie Disti'icl Court of MassucliuseUs. 



TUTTT,E, DENNETT AND CHISHOI.M, 

Printere— 17 School Slretl. 



J^/^ 



TO 

SOULANGE BODIN, 

Secretary general of the royal horticultural society ok parts, mkmber of 

SEVERAL learned SOCIETIES, AND KNIGHT OF SEVERAL ORDERS. 

meni lo^ Crtamce ,• ^ uou, ivno nave couected m 'uour vad( i/zcen <:7taci(,6M 
eU ^zcmont, ine 'mod^ Aiecioua htoclticttond ci natute ; io yoti, ti/no, /y 
7fcu/r tvicitnai^f cnieiiMence a/ticC e<ca7»fit6, nave 40 fu'WettuiM* aiaed m 
ecUenama tne ^zogt^d^d oi c7&otttctMta/ie / jUnauni, io ucu,, 'my ina-izucior 
and cotavotatcr , t7 ou/l/CMvae «il()co-Mt/j J^ con^eciate intd- AitmMe e<i^aa'u, en 
ine 9noncaza^Au ct M^ ^oTneftia. 

^^"^ed, nvu p,i,end, J^ ^rr^*' ^'^ Jf'^** fAi<i- 'u/crA, icr 0/ ewe U /o ycu ; 
4D Tnucn nave mu zdationd- n/iin you, extended emd etinanccd tne Mcaa-' 
■ ute^ oi vnu tide, 

idnt^ leivcr n/aa, u/naueatMnavmt , avcve tnu aMUti6<i- j i^ut your 
encou/iaaeme^itd- indueed me to u/ncLztaAe it ; uoic itftti tne/>i^ ^y notte^ 
zecei/ifc, and extend to it you/f aenetoiM fiatto7taqe. 

THE ABBE BERLESE, 

Second Secretary of the Royal Horticultural Society 0/ Paris, (f'C. 



CONTENTS 



P.ge. 

Preface of the Tbanslatoh, .... 7 

Preface of the Author, . . . . . .9 

Advehtisement, . . . • • . 11 

CHAPTER I. 

Sec. 1. Origin of the Camellia, and its botanical characteristics, . '13 
2. The muliiplication of Camellias by cultivation, and the necessity of a 

classification, . . . . . 14 

CHAPTER II. 

Sec. 1. The cultivation of the Camellia, and proper kinds of soil, . . 17 

2. Repotting, ...... 20 

3. Irrigation and the appropriate kind of water, . . .22 
4: The exposure of the Camellia to the open air, . . 25 

5. The kind of Green House most proper for the Camellia, . .26 

6. The air and temperature of Green Houses, ... 27 

7. Insects injurious to the Camellia, . . . .29 

8. The florescence of Camellias, and the manner of forcing them, . 30 

9. The means of preventing the buds from falling off, . . 31 

10. Management of Camellias, in private apartments, . . 35 

11. The culture of Camellias in the open ground, . • .36 

12. Pruning Camellias, . . . . • 37 

13. Multiplication of the Camellia, . . . .38 

14. Different methods of grafting Camellias, ... 39 

- CHAPTER III. 

Method of classification, and the places of residence of the principal nursery cul- 
tivators of Camellias in Europe, . . , .42 

CHAPTER IV. 

Description of the species and varieties, • . . . 4* 

Concluding Remarks, . . . . . .93 

SvNOPTicAL Table, No. 1— -(printed) • . . ., 95 

Synoptical Table, No. 2— (colored), . , . .103 



TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE 



For an opportunity of reading the work of Abbe Berlese on the 
Camellia, I am indebted to Miss S. Gibbs of Boston, who has re- 
cently returned from Europe ; and considering it the most interest- 
ing and valuable treatise, which has appeared on the characteristics 
and culture of that magnificent shrub, it has, at her suggestion, been 
translated, for publication, in the monthly numbers of the Horti- 
cultural Register, in the full belief, that it would be very acceptable 
to that portion of my fellow citizens, who are eugaged in the orna- 
mental, as well as the useful departments of horticulture. 

The highly respectable lady, who, on this occasion, has evinced 
such a commendable disposition, to extend the bounds of intelli- 
gence and promote the happiness and prosperity of those, who par- 
ticipate in the various branches of rural industry, did not require 
this additional illustration of her enlightened liberality and patriotic 
zeal, to.foster and encourage a refined and exalted taste, for science, 
letters and the arts ; but such renewed demonstrations of her well 
known beneficent and enlightened views, in relation to the best in- 
terests of her country, are as cheering, as they are honorable, and 
merit the grateful acknowledgments of every American. 

Whoever returns from a foreign clime, and brings back a single 
rare, or valuable seed, plant, or specimen of the arts, — or increases 
the national fund of human knowledge, by the contribution of the 
smallest volume, is justly to be considered, as a public benefactor. 
It was such an interest for the advancement of their country, that 
induced the illustrious travellers of all ages, to introduce from every 
portion of the globe, whatever they discovered that was in any man- 
ner calculated to accelerate its progress, in the career of improve- 
ment. The histories of Greece and Rome are filled with the names of 
eminent men, who thus distinguished themselves ; and all that has 
been achieved in the march of civilization, since that long and 
dark period, which succeeded the fall of the great empires of anti- 
quity, is the result of the bold and adventurous spirit, and command- 
ing genius, of a comparatively few individuals, who from age to age, 
have appeared, as the pioneers of intelligence, important discover- 
ies and useful objects of enterprise. 

Alexander directed, that the victors in the public games should 
be crowned with the leaves of the peach, in honor of Perseus, who 



8 translatok's preface. 

first brought that fruit from Asia ; Pliny has rendered the Consul, 
Sextus Papinius forever memorable, by giving him the credit of ac- 
climating the nectarine of Syria, during the reign of Augustus ; 
while the names of Martins, Manilius and Appius are perpetuated, 
as practical cultivators of the soil, by being given to the celebrated 
pears and apples, which they introduced from distant regions; and 
the delicious figs of Carthage, were made known to the Romans, 
from being presented by Cato to the assembled Senators, to remind 
them, that they had not only an implacable but near enemy. The 
most meritorious trophies which LucuUus and Prince Potempkin 
gained, during their Mithridatic and Turkish campaigns, were the 
supurb varieties of the cherry, which they brought from the shores 
of the Euxine ; and the agricultural work of Mago was deemed the 
most precious of the spoils, which Scipio transported from the coast 
of Africa, on the triumphant conclusion of the last punic war. 

The author, of the Monography of the Camellia, pursued the only 
course, by which any branch of the sciences or arts can be brought 
to the highest state of perfection, or proficiency attained in any 
moral or physical pursuit. He made the Camellia, a special object of 
investigation and experiment, for a great number of years, and there- 
by became so thoroughly acquainted with the character and habits 
of that plant, as to be eminently qualified to give the necessary in- 
formation for its successful culture ; as well as furnishing a method- 
ical mode of classing and naming the rapidly increasing varieties, 
from their form, color, and manner of growth. 

The work appeared under the sanction of Chevalier Soulange 
Bodin, who, from the high reputation he has justly acquired, in con- 
sequence of the vast extent of theoretical and practical knowl- 
edge he has evinced, in all the departments of horticulture; and the 
exalted positions he has long sustained, as proprietor of the celebra- 
ted garden of experiment at Fromont, and Secretary of the Royal 
Horticultural Society of Paris, is a conclusive testimonial, of the 
respectful consideration, in which the labors of the Abbe Berlese 
should be held. 

Although it is but a few years, since the Camellia has been gen- 
-erally known and cultivated, in the United States, we can present 
several very splendid collections; and that of Colonel Wilder, in 
Dorchester, is surpassed by but few in Europe, both as to the variety 
and number, as he has over 1000 plants, which include 300 species 
and varieties. 

Hawthorn Cottage, ) 
Roxhury, Jlpril 2G, 1838. \ 



'#. 



M 



INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION. 



The elegance of form, the perfect symmetrical arrangement of 
the petals, the immaculate purity of the white, the depth and bril- 
liancy of the colors of the red and variegated flowers, the beautiful 
contrast between these and the dark glossy evergreen foliage, and 
the neatness and cleanliness of growth of the Camellia, must always 
ensure to this plant a high station in the estimation not of the devo- 
tee of horticulture alone, but also of every common observer, who 
would pass thousands of other floral forms unnoticed and unpraised. 

The first sight of the double white or of the fimbriated camt'llia 
is sure to attract universal admiration, nor is this admiration merely 
momentary or soon forgotten, the pleasure is always renewed and 
increased on more intimate acquaintance. 

No wonder then that these plants are eagerly sought after to dec- 
orate the greenhouse or the parlour, no wonder that the methods of 
cultivating them in perfection should be considered desirable, or 
that they should become an object of such extensive commerce as 
is the case in Europe, where stocks of 3000 to 6000 plants, in val- 
ue from 5000 to 20,000 dollars are common amongst individual nur- 
serymen in almost every country. 

In introducing the monography of the AbbeBerlese to the reader 
it is almost unnecessary to premise that it contains not merely the 
latest, but the only authentic information on the numerous beautiful 
hybrids, as well as on the new varieties from Japan and China, re- 
cently ushered into notice by the patient and liberal eflforts of scien- 
tific and zealous horticulturists. It is in fact the commencement 
of a descriptive catalogue of all the varieties that have attracted 
the attention of amateurs, and which may be easily continued as 
new ones are produced ; a very desirable addition however would be 
the names of the two plants by admixture of which the different 
hybrids were produced ; this and all other minute information which 
could be obtained would much increase its value. The foundation 
and frame work is here, and this can be amplified to suit the taste of 
the amateur. 



3 INTUOUUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION. 

The Camellia was certainly cultivated in Europe as early as tlie 
year 1730, but the then difficulty of its propagation and the total 
ignorance of its seed, togetiier with the extremely restricted trade 
to China which existed at that period, rendered the wide dissemi- 
nation of it almost impossible. 

For the next 60 or 70 years it remained a scarce plant and was so 
little known that its usual appellation was simply Japonica ; the first 
appearance of its seed in tlie nurseries was considered a great rarity 
and after many experiments a few new and good varieties were 
raised. 

But it was reserved for the modern scientific study of the physiol- 
ogy of plants, which teaches that eacii bud is certainly a separate 
plant equivalent under proper treatment to a seed, although differing 
from it in some points, and for the recent refinements in horticulture 
by which new varieties are raised, and the rapid increase of j)lants 
carried to an almost unlimited extent, to spread amongst the multi- 
tude the delight and gratification of beholding and cultivating tliese 
perfections of the floral kingdom. 

It may well be doubted whether tlie pursuit and dissemination of 
any other branch of the arts or sciences has added so much to the 
general mass of healthful and innocent pleasure enjoyed by the in- 
habitants of this beautiful earth, or has presented employments for 
the active mind more alluring from the paths of vice and degrada- 
tion, than the pursuit and dissemination of Horticulture and Botany. 

It is very probable that a more intimate acquaintance with the 
simply practical experience on Horticultural manipulation which 
must exist amongst the Chinese may yet add spmething to our 
present extensive knowledge on this subject. For even at this day 
new and charming varieties of the camellia of combinations hitherto 
unknown to us arrive from that country. Their chrysanthemums 
are exceedingly beautiful and it ig scarcely within five years that 
any hybrids at all to be compared to them have been produced in< 
Europe. In their Pseonies and tree pasonies they are as yet unri- 
valled, and if report speaks true many other and more beautiful va- 
rieties exist in the interior of the country. Several Allheas {Hibis- 
cus Si/riacus) recently imported from thence, throw all hitherto 
known into the shade. 

It will be delightful when the spread of the knowledge and con- 
sequently of the interest in horticulture shall reach the heads of the 
extensive connnercial establishments in this country ; as their ships 
traverse every sea and their captains would unquestionably exert 
themselves to procure the rare and beautiful productions of every 
soil they visit, to add to the pleasure of their owners, and increase 
the stock of knowledge iu their nativ^ country. Patience ; this 
time is approaching. » 

Those who wish to have iiealthy and luxuriant camellias to orna- 
ment the interior of their dwellings should have the ibllowing im- 
pressions distinct on their minds — 

That during the summer the camellia recjuires complete shade 
from the sun, and as much air as can l>e conveniently given. 



INTROOUCTJON TO THE TRANSLATION. d 

That the fine dust raised by sweeping rooms will soon fill and 
choke the Stu/nates or delicate pores on the skin of the leaf, by the 
unrestrained action of which pores alone the juices of the plant are 
rendered capable of producing flowers and shoots, it is therefore in- 
dispensable that the leaves should always be kept bright and clean, 
this as much as possible by tiie action of the rain in summer, and 
during the winter by the means so well described in this work. 

That great and sudden variations of temperature will cause the 
most promising buds to fall off without disclosing their beauty ; this 
often occurs here where the rooms are heated to a high degree in 
the depth of winter during the day, and at night the temperature 
falls nearly to freezing point. 

That the earth in Vv'hich the camellia is planted being constantly 
watered, the plant must in the course of one season have absorbed 
all the wholesome nourishment which that earth contained, conse- 
quently fresh must be supplied and where the size of the plant re- 
quires, a larger pot be substituted. 

■Good peat earth may with care be procured here, but in default 
of this every thicket abounds with rich decayed leaf mould the ac- 
cumulation of years, that of decayed oak leaves is probably the 
strongest, and may be mixed according to the directions given in 
the work. 

The experienced cultivator who is curious in his composts will 
hardly require this informaiiou, but even to him a little acquisition 
on vegetable pliysif)Iogy may not be valueless. 

In- reflecting on the subject of fecundation by the pollens it seems 
in accordance with the laws of vegetable structure that the first de- 
viation from the regular or normal form of a flower or of any of its 
parts, should be the precursor of farther deviation. 

Thus in the camellia it is evident that the double flowers are pro- 
duced by the filamentous portion of the stamen becoming expanded 
and ajiproaching in form to a petal, the nearer this approach to a 
petal tiie less is the resemblance to a stamen, until finally the anther 
with its pollen disappears, and the fil iuieiit becomes altogether a 
petal, although in most cases not so perfect in form or growth as 
the outer row of original and natural ones, even this approach to per- 
fection is gradual, receding as the conversion nears the axis. Hence 
pollen taken from the stamens with flattened or petaloid filaments, 
where the conversion has already commenced, will be most likely 
to produce double flowers. 

The maturity of the pollen should also be a subject of attention, 
in default of experience it may be tested by placing a small portion 
in a drop of water on the stand of a microscope, if the pollen is fit 
the grains will burst almost immediately on immersion and project 
their granules, this being their process when they adhere to the pis- 
til ; should this action not be observed the pollen is either in mature 
or has already become useless ; it ripens however very soon after 
the valves of the anther open. The offspring of the red and white 
being generally variegated is too evident to require rcsnark, as also 



4 INTRODUCTION TO THK TRANSLATION. 

that the largest and brightest coloured flowers whose forms are fine- 
ly developed should be chosen for this purpose. 

There are besides many other minutiae, and delicate operations in 
regard to color, form and manipulation which will readily suggest 
themselves to those who delight in these experiments, but which at 
present would not be of sufficient interest to detail. 

The study of the foliage ,so as to distinguish each variety when 
out of flower, is of more consequence than may appear at the first 
glance, and is of much value to aid the judgment in the purchase 
of plants during that period. 

The beautiful order of Ternstrcemiaceae to which the Camellia 
belong has two representatives indigenous in the Southern States, 
the Stuartia Virginica, a native of the swamps in the lower counties 
of Virginia and South Carolina, and the Gordonia lasianthus or 
loblolly bay which lines the sea coast from Virginia to Florida. 
Both these plants produce handsome flowers, and although they will 
not bear comparison with the camellia in its cultivated state, yet do 
not fall very far short when contrasted with the single white as it 
may be imagined in its native wilds, and are extremely interesting, as 
the resemblance and affinity between them and the camellia is 
at once striking. They are to be found in some greenhouses in 
this vicinity, but are rare, and like many other beautiful flowers from 
the same latitudes are waiting patiently until the difli'usion and love 
of horticulture shall introduce them to the admiration of the inhab- 
itants of the north. J. E. T. 

Boston, Nov. 1838. 



PREFACE OF THE AUTHOR. 



Being passionately fond of Botany, I have passed the most de- 
lightful moruents of my life, in the study of flowers ; but was very 
much embarassed in making a selection of the kmd, to which I 
should devote my special attention, from the immense series of the 
vegetable families, which presented their respective beauties to my 
admiration. At length, after great hesitation, I finally gave the 
preference to the genus of the Carnellia ; and in fact, what species 
of plant is there, which belter merits the enlightened and vigilant 
care of the horticulturist? The elegance of its form, the beautiful 
verdure of its leaves, and the |)ure and brilliant color of its large 
and elegant flowers, sufficiently justify the choice 1 have made ; 
especially, when not only a vast number of distinguished amateurs 
have imitated me in this adoption, but there is not a garden, in 
•which this lovely plant has not found a place, and where it sparkles 
in the first rank of the vegetable population. Every civilized na- 
tion immediately adopted ihe Japanese adventufer, with emulous ad- 
miration, and now the Camellia has become a cosmopolite. 

But, in consequence of the eagerness which every one has evinced 
to welcome this beautiful stranger into their conservatories, where 
it produced numerous varieties, rivalling each other in elegance and 
splendor, there has resulted a great confusion, which has conse- 
quently occasioned much difficulty in appreciating the obtained va- 
rieties, and rendered it very desirable to the cultivators, that a con- 
venient mode of classification should be established, to guide them 
in this new Daedalus. And, how could it be otherwise, when the 
many different modes of multiplication are considered, which have 
been discovered by the science of horticulture, — a science, which 
has been carried to such a high degree of perfection in our day ; 
and also, the facility with which this plant produces seeds, especial- 
ly in the southern portions of Europe. 

Thus, every where, the number of varieties have increased and 
consequently a confusion in the specific names ; so that now the 
series present a perfect synonymical chaos, which is often left to 
the decision of the ignorant to reform, and we might say, even 
sometimes, to the malevolent. 

To remedy, as far as possible the evils which have been designa- 
ted, as well as to benefit all those, who admire and cultivate this 
2 



10 PREFACE or THE ADTHOR. 

lovely plant, which is the object of my constant predilection ; and 
to guide them in their purchases and exchanges, and at the same 
time prevent them from being deceived, by intentional or involunta- 
ry errors, I have undertaken a labor which, it is not improbable, 
may be deemed above my powers ; but I throw myself, with confi- 
dence, upon the liberality of all the true friends of horticulture ; 
who will perceive, that in this attempt, to establish a nomenclator, 
feeble as it is, I have been constantly animated, by a desire to be 
useful. 

My time having been devoted, for twenty years, to the special cul- 
tivation of the Camellia, I have obtained, at great expense and la- 
bor, probably, the most numerous collection on this continent, al- 
though I have carefully excluded all inferior and doubtful varieties. 

Having daily studied, with minute vigilance, the progress of na- 
ture, in this superb genus, I have made numerous interesting 
notes on its growth, florescence, fructification and culture ; and 
having arranged them with the greatest possible care, they form the 
basis of this work, which is now confidently submitted to the ama- 
teurs of Flora ; and if I shall be so fortunate, as to obtain their suf- 
frages, my ambition will have been entirely gratified. 



ADVERTISEMENT 



This work is divided into three distinct parts: the first contains 
a full account of the method of cultivating and multiplying the 
Camellia ; the second, a description of the most elegant varieties, 
amounting to about tVo hundred and eighty, — each of which is 
annexed to a number that has reference to a corresponding one in 
the two synoptical tables. 

For the purpose of being easily understood by all persons, who 
cultivate and admire the Camellia, a simple and uniform mode has 
been adopted, in the descriptions, based on the most striking char- 
acteristics of the plant, — as the size of the leaves, and the form and 
color of the buds and flowers. All the irregularities or resemblances, 
which the varieties present, as well as the synonymes are carefully 
designated, whenever it has been possible to do so, with certainty. 
• The buds have been divided, as follows, in conformity to the col- 
or of the colycinal scales — which also characterise the more or less 
facile development of the flowers. 

1. Buds with green colycinal scales. Florescence easy. 

2. " " yellowish " " Florescence less easy. 

3. " " dark col'd " " Florescence uncertain or difficult. 

The flowers have been divided into simple, serai-double, double, 
and full. 

To prevent any doubt in the mind of the cultivator, — who may 
often be deceived, with respect to the preceding denominations, the 
definitions, are here given. By a simple flower is understood, such 
as have but one rank of Petals ; although in some varieties the sexual 
organs occasionally change to the petalous State. Example, Cam- 
ellia, dicaiif hi flora, insignis, &i.c. These latter are flowers, which 
certain gardeners erroneously call double. 

Semi-double are those which have but two rows of petals, with 
occasionally petalous stamens. 

Double flowers are those which have several ranks of petals in- 
termixed, with fertile and apparent petalous stamens, in the centre. 

Full flowers have the rows of petals so multiplied, that they have 
the form of the hundred leaf rose. 

The asterisk denotes the distinct species which have been recog- 
nized, as such, by botanists; and they are eight in number. 



/I 



MONOGRAPHY 



GENUS CAMELLIA 



C HAPTER FIRST. 

Section 1. — The Origin and Botanical Characteristics of the 

Camellia. 

The name of Camellia, first given, by Forskal, to Ruellia gran- 
dijlora, was immediately applied by Linnaeus, to the beautiful shrub, 
which is the subject of this work, 

Linnaius conferred upon it this name, as a testimony of gratitude 
to father Camelli, a Jesuit, who, in 1739, imported it from Japan, 
into Europe, 

The following are the botanical characteristics of this plant. 

Perianth double : calyx, formed by the union of imbricated, 
squamose, rounded, concave, coriaceous and caducous bractes ; 
corolla, of from five to seven petals, — rarely nine, equal in number 
to the bractes, which they exceed much in size, alternating with 
them, and often united at the base by their claws ; stamens nume- 
rous, hypogynous, disposed in the form of a crown, filaments fili- 
form, polyadelphian, and sometimes monadelphian, at the base 
surrounded by ellipsoidal movable anthers ; ovary one, oval ; styles 
three to six, more or less connected ; capsule trilocular, opening by 
three valves, trispermus^ valve partitioned, dehiscent, one triquetrous 
axis ; seeds rare, fleshy, plump, attached to the interior coat of the 
petitions. 

The Camellias are shrubs or trees, indigenous to China, Japan, 
Cochin China, and the Indies ; they are glabrous, evergreen, and 
eminently remarkable for the beauty of their flowers. 

This plant, heretofore placed near the orange, by M. De Jussieu, 
is now the type of a new family, formed by M. Candolle, the elder, 



14 MO OGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

under the name of Camellias, which is composed of the genera 
camellia and thea; and which that learned naturalist places be- 
tween the ternstrajmia and olacinia, — adding, doubtfully, that if 
the new intermediate genera can be posterially united, the two first 
orders may form but one, for the reason that the Camellia only 
differs from the ternstraemia by the seed. 

In its native country, the Camellia rises to the height of from 
forty to fifty feet ; but in Europe, it rarely exceeds from twenty to 
twentyfive, and forms a shrub of the most superb appearance, whose 
persisting foliage, of a glossy green, and splendid flowers, place it, 
without contradiction, in the first rank, among the plants of our 
green-houses. 

Its branches are numerous, alternate, diverging, reddish when 
young, but ash-colored and striated in their adult age ; the leaves 
uniformly alternate, large, smooth, generally more or less convex, 
thick, coriaceous, of a beautiful deep and brilliant green, margins 
acutely, but not deeply dentated ; the flowers, often from two to 
three inches in diameter, of a bright cherry-red, terminal, on rising 
from the axils of the leaves of the superior branches ; they appear, 
in this climate, to gladden our sight, in November and March, when 
the frosts have desolated our gardens ; this peculiarity, independent- 
ly of the extreme beauty, so remarkable in this plant, has been suffi- 
cient to claim for it our preference ; it may also be added, that if 
nature had not refused an agreeable aroma, it would be the sover- 
eign of plants, to which no other could be compared, without dis- 
paragement. 

It has not been considered proper to describe, as a botanist, the 
transformations which cultivation has produced, in the normal type, 
{Camellia Japonica,) by the attempts to obtain so many and such 
elegant varieties. There is no one who has paid any attention to 
horticulture, that is such an entire stranger to the science of botany, 
as not to be acquainted with those metamorphoses of the stamens 
and pistils, which constitute the semi-double, double, and full 
flowers, that are daily produced, in our gardens, among the families 
of the roses, dahlias and other choice plants. 

Section 2. — l^he Increase of the Varieties of the Camellia by 
Cultivation, and the Necessity of a Classification. ^ 

The Camellia Japonica, as has been stated, was introduced into 
Europe in 1739, and firet ornamented the gardens of England; 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



15 



soon after it passed into Italy, then into France, and at a much 
later period into Germany. This was the only species known in 
Europe for fortyseven years; it subsequently fructified in several 
countries, and furnished varieties which were long esteemed. 

But in 1792, the beautiful varieties of the White, the Variegated, 
and Double Red appeared at the same time, when, of course, the 
admiration for the type, immediately diminished. 

Since these three first varieties, Japan and China have furnished 
us with others, equally remarkable, such as the Jncarnata in 1806, 
the Myrtifoli in 1808, the Warrata in 1809, and finally the Pceo- 
nicB flora, and the Pomponia in 1810. 

As several of these varieties, and especially, the three last have 
fructified in our own gardens, there have been obtained from their 
legitimate and adulterous unions, varieties and hybrids of the most 
interesting character. Time, culture and accident have, in their 
turn, induced these new products to give birth to others, which, 
without contradiction, equal in merit those which have been receiv- 
ed directly from their native countries. This easy mode of repro- 
duction, — by fructification, — having become general, and as the 
results are continually augmenting, enlightened cultivators are 
united in their fears, that in the future, the numerous varieties 
which are daily exposed in the flower market, will soon produce 
great confusion, and there will be invincible difiiculties to direct 
their course in this floral labyrinth, if a clue is not found to guide 
them, by establishing an order of classification, which shall quadrate 
with the demands of horticulture, and the trade in these universally 
admired shrubs. This fear, in which we equally participate, has 
encouraged us, to publish our ideas on the subject, and to propose a 
method which every one can comprehend, and accomplish, so far 
as our feeble abilities will permit, the object which we have pro- 
posed, — that of being useful to horticulture. 

t. For this purpose, we have adopted the most simple and natural 
mode, — that of dividing the Camellias into two classes, from their 
general color ; viz. Camellia unicolores, and Camellia bicolores. The 
first class comprehends the simple colors which are more or less 
pure and deep ; the second contains the mixed colors, more or less 
determinate and striking. The result of these views is contained 
in the annexed tables, where are explained, in an abridged manner, 
all these differences, besides the form, species, or variety of the 
Camellia, its origin, and introduction into Europe. 



16 MONOGRAPHT OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

The more extensive details are contained in the monography at- 
tached to this work ; but to understand these tables, it is essential 
that they should here be preceded, by some information, as to the 
means we have employed for establishing the names of the different 
shades of color, which are generally exhibited in the flower of the 
Camellia. 

Our first effort has been directed, to ascertain, what were the rela- 
tions, which existed between the different shades of the artificial red 
color, with which different kinds of silk and woollen manufactures 
are dyed, and between the natural shades of the same red, which the 
flowers of the Camellia present, in order to apply the same denomi- 
nations to the latter, which the artists have given to the former ; 
but, notwithstanding our assiduous researches, to discover whether 
there was any resemblance between these two kinds of colors, we 
at last thought, that we should have recourse to the painter, who, 
alone, can seize and imitate the various tones of color, which are 
so richly displayed by nature; and this thought became a resolution; 
which was immediately carried into effect. A very able painter, 
surrounded by the natural samples, which our collection of Camel- 
lias abundantly furnished, was employed, at various times, to imitate 
these colors on paper, and to establish, in precise terms, the specific 
names of the coloring materials, which he employed, to compose 
each specimen, in the painted representations. 

This labor having been accomplished, we considered it necessary 
that the result should be submitted to the examination of Mr Chev- 
reul, one of the most distinguished men in France, — the director 
of the royal establishment of tapestry at Gobelins, and professor 
of chemistry in the Museum of Natural History. Mr Chevreul ex- 
plained, in his peculiarly lucid and kind manner, all the ramifica- 
tions of his system of colors, which has been ably developed in a 
scientific work, that the author will soon publish. 

The examination of the system of Mr Chevreul, has been of in- 
finite service to us, in simplifying our labor, and has induced us to 
•divide our colors into two series, called gojnnts, containing all the 
tones and shades, which distinguish the varieties of the Camellia. 

We shall develop this attempt for the classification of the varie- 
ties of the Camellia, by their colors, after having described the 
modes of culture and multiplication. 



MONOGRAPHy OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 17 

CHAPTER SECOND. 
Section 1. — The Cultivation of the Camellia. 

The Camellia of Japan is, incontestably, one of the most beauti- 
ful conquests, which horticulture has achieved, during the last cen- 
tury. The magnificent form and appearance of this shrub, the 
rare elegance of its foliage, the beauty and size of the flowers, the 
season in which they appear ; their variety, their abundance and 
their duration, are qualities which no other vegetable possesses, in 
such an eminent degree, and which assign it a distinguished rank, 
among the most admired plants that are selected, for augmenting 
our pleasure and gratifying our taste in floriculture. But all these 
advantages are yet, very far, from being generally appreciated, not- 
withstanding this plant is every where received, by admirers without 
number ; still it is much to be regretted, by enlightened horticultu- 
rists, that it is not more extended, more zeal evinced for its acquisi- 
tion, and above all, better cultivated. 

We daily hear, even well informed persons, observe, that the Ca 
mellia is a very diflicult plant to manage, and that it is too dear ; 
or that it requires green-houses, especially appropriated to it, and 
that it is very expensive to preserve them ; while others abandon 
them because they have not a sufficient extent of ground for their 
accommodation, or a gardener sufficiently well educated to superin- 
tend their cultivation ; and finally, many of those, who undertake 
their culture, soon give it up, because they do not succeed in making 
them bloom freely, and in the most perfect manner. 

Devoted, for twenty years to the special culture of the Camellia, 
we are emboldened by the experience acquired, during that long 
lapse of time, to attempt the removal of all these enumerated dif- 
ficulties, by describing, as far as our feeble abilities will permit, the 
manner in which this plant can be easily cultivated, preserved, mul- 
tiplied, and made to bloom annually. 

Although the Camellia is a shrub of a rustic nature, and does 
not require an elevated temperature, nor an extraordinary rich soil 
for its vegetation ; although it can accommodate itself to all expo- 
sitions ; still it is better to be sheltered ; and notwithstanding it can 
endure considerable cold, without perishing, yet, to enable it to ac- 
quire a vigorous vegetation, and blossom abundantly every year, as 



18 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

well as to subject it, with success, to the various modes of multipli- 
cation, there are the following principal conditions, which are es- 
sential ; in the first place, the soil in which it is to be cultivated, 
and which is, generally loam, vegetable mould or peat; but there is 
some difficulty in the choice of the composts and the mode of ad- 
mixture ; and for the benefit of the horticulturist, we shall extend 
our remarks on this subject, which is so very important to the suc- 
cessful results of their labors. By a good soil, we mean that mould 
or peat soil, which contains the largest portion of decayed vegeta- 
ble and animal matter. It should be light, sandy, does not soil the 
fingers, and is of a chestnut] brown, or deep fawn color. Such, in 
particular, are those of Sanois and Meudon, in the environs of 
Paris, as will be perceived by the following analysis. 

Peat soil of Meudon. 
Siliceous sand, .... . . 

Vegetable matter, ...... 

Earth, 

Carbonate of lime, ...... 

Soluble matter, 

100 00 

Peat soil of Sanois. 

Silex, 43 80 

Lime, carbonate, ....... 

Salts, diliquescent, . . . . ^. . 

Earth, . . . . . . ' . 

Iron, magnetic, ...... 

Matter not yet decomposed, ..... 

Loss of apparent foreign substances, 

100 00 

The portions not decomposed or deliquescent salts, have yielded 
by an exact analysis, 

Silex, ........ 

Carbonate of Lime, ..... 

Sulphate of lime, ...... 

Muriate of lime and magnesia. 

Animal matter, ...... 

Loss and water, ....... 

100 00 

The mould or peat soil of Palaiseau, Beauregard, Longjumeau, 
Vincennes, &-c., is rejected, as too light, and as containing less 



62 


00 


20 


00 


16 


00 


80 


, 1 


20 



7 


10 


1 


10 


31 


70 





13 


13 


25 


-2 


92 



2 00 


15 00 


10 00 


8 00 


12 00 


53 00 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 19 

earth than the others. The two preceding are preferred, and 
especially that of Chapellen-Serval, which being richer in earth, 
they preserve for a longer time their fertilizing qualities, and are 
less subject to loss by rains and irrigations. The most objectionable 
is that of Fontainebleau, which is taken from low and marshy places, 
and whose color is of a dull and faded black, which indicates suffi- 
ciently the presence of turf, and renders this soil so compact and 
hard, that it is difficult for the roots of delicate plants to penetrate 
it. There is a still greater inconvenience, arising from its turfy 
nature, for when dry it becomes so hard that it is impermeable to 
water. 

When a selection has been made, of one of the varieties of peat, 
which have been named, as the most suitable to the nature of the 
beautiful plant, which engages our attention, it should be cut into 
little pieces, about three inches square, and exposed to a free circu- 
lation of air, in a shaded position. The preference given to this sub- 
stance arises, from its being light, substantial, and the length of 
time it retains its nourishing qualities. It is easily permeable to 
water, when it has not been dried too much, absorbs and retains a 
sufficient quantity of aqueous particles, admits of a free ramifica- 
tion of the roots, readily absorbs the atmospheric gases, and finally, 
remains for a long time endowed with the principle of fermentation, 
according to the quantity of subterranean gas disengaged, and the 
dissolution of the carbonic acid, so essential to vegetation. 

We shall not speak of the peats of Gand, Turens, Anvers and 
Bruxelles, which are of a fawn color ; they are the best of all those 
with which we are acquainted. 

When natural peat soil cannot be procured, a substitute to a cer- 
tain extent, can be factitiously formed, which answers very well, 
and to which we give the name of compost, in conformity to the 
practice in England, where various kinds are so ably prepared. 

Take natural rich and substantial loam, from pastures, or grass 
fields, with the turf, light mellow virgin soil from the forest, with all 
the roots and herbaceous plants with which it is covered, and rotten 
leaves ; mix these well together in equal parts, and form a conical 
heap so that the rain water may easily run off; this pile of compost 
is left in the open air, often dug over and replied up, so as to be op- 
erated upon by the atmospheric gases which surround it, and a 
kind of fermentation, until it becomes a homogeneous mass, which 



20 



MONOGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



requires nearly a year, when it is fit for use, and affords an excellent 
equivalent for natural peat soil. 

In England, where proper peat soil is rare, some of the ablest cul- 
tivators, such as the Loddiges, Svvet, and Young, rear Camellias in 
a mellow natural loam, filled with vegetable substances, in a state of 
decomposition, mixed with a certain quantity of turf and fine sand ; 
others, as Bayswater, employ a mixture of turf, naturally sandy soil, 
and a certain quantity of very old barn manure, reduced to an 
earthy state ; and there are some, as is the case with Mr Henderson, 
a Scotch cultivator, who is very celebrated for his splendid collection 
of Camellias, who make use of a compost formed of light loam, 
fine river sand, and thoroughly decomposed leaves. 

In Italy they use soil taken from the forests, mixed with decom- 
posed leaves. 

In those parts of Germany where peat soil can not be procured, 
it is replaced by a compost, formed of one third turf and two thirds 
of virgin earth, that is a little sandy, but well filled with decayed 
vegetable matter. 

But whatever soil or compost is used, for the Camellia, it is 
necessary that it should be well pulverized and cleared of all stones, 
shells and pieces of wood ; but if it is natural peat soil, take care not 
to imitate those unskilful and ignorant gardeners, who pass it care- 
fully through a seive, by which inappropriate operation, it is deprived 
of a quantity of small roots, and other vegetable substances, which 
by gradually decaying, furnish, for a long time, successively prepared 
new aliment for the plants. 

Before using peat soil, for repotting, it is best to break up the 
large lumps with a mallet, on what is still better a little flail, for the 
purpose of separating and removing the strong roots and stones ; it 
is then passed through a coarse hurdle, or the little lumps may be 
pulverized, by rubbing them with the fingers. The soil thus pre- 
pared, is immediately used. Only the earth or compost which is to 
be employed, for seeds, cuttings and layers should be passed 
through a seive. 

Section 2. — Repotting. 

The spring is the most favorable season for repotting the Camel- 
lia. This operation should be performed immediately after flores- 
cence, and before the sap begins to be in activity, which ig gene- 
rally, towards the end of March. It may be done, however, in the 



MONORRAPHY OF THE GBNUS CAMELLIA. 21 

autumn, or even between the two periods of the flow of sap, which is 
in June or July. This process is performed by removing the shrubs 
into pots about an inch deeper, and broader, than those in which 
they have been growing. The time for doing it, is when the ball of 
earth, which surrounds the roots, is a little dry. As much of the old 
earth should be removed, as possible, by the fingers. All the dead 
and wounded roots should be carefully extirpated. As it is very 
essential, to the future health of the plant, that the water which is 
used in irrigation, should rapidly flow off", it is necessary that the 
bottom should be filled with little pieces of broken pots, or what is 
better a quantity of coarse sand or gravel, which prevents the water 
from remaining too long. We have been in the habit of scattering, 
very lightly, quick lime, over the pile of peat soil, or compost, which 
we use for repotting, as long experience has proved to us, that this 
mineral body, prudently employed, gives a remarkable activity to 
the vegetable qualities of the soil, with which it is incorporated. 

We do not insist on the dimensions of the pots, which should be 
used for the Camellia, as that is an affair of taste and experience ; 
but we should deny as an unwarrantable assertion which is often 
repeated, that small pots are best. Some horticulturists pretend, 
that to make this plant flourish well, the roots should be restrained 
by a small pot; but the persons who practise this method, have fal- 
lea into an error, which it is easy to refute, from the greater num- 
ber and success of those, who cultivate the Camellia in large pots, 
boxes, and even the unconfined earth. There are two reasons 
which induce our nursery men to raise the Camellia in small pots : 
first because they occupy less space in the green-house, do not re- 
quire so much compost to repot them, and they are more easily han- 
dled ; and secondly, being often obliged to confide the watering of 
the plants, to inexperienced and careless persons, they pour on the 
water without discretion, which occasions great losses, as the large 
pot,s retain the humidity, much longer than the small, which has the 
same effect upon the plants, as too great a quantity of aliment upon 
the human body, and produces a true indigestion, which immediately 
kills the Camellia, after having produced disease in the roots, from 
being long immersed in that humidity, which they are no longer 
capable of absorbing. But, as with a little skill, all these inconve- 
niences can be obviated, there cannot be a doubt, that the Camel- 
lia, will succeed better in large pots, where the roots can easily ex- 



22 



MONOGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



tend themselves, than in those of small size, in which they are con- 
fined and compelled to be folded over, and entangled with each 
other. 

As soon as the Camellia has been repotted, it should be abun- 
dantly watered and returned to the green-house, whenever this op- 
eration takes place immediately after the period efflorescence; and 
the temperature should be from 50 to 60 degrees during the day, and 
from 50 to 54 during the night; but at other times it will be suffi- 
cient to place it in the shade for a few days, after it has been water- 
ed. The increased warmth of the green-house, at this period, causes 
the plants to throw out long and slender roots, and as the heat of the 
sun increases daily in its intensity, it is indispensable, that the green- 
house should be covered, with linen or cotton cloths, or thin 
mats, during the time the rays of the sun fall upon the glass; for 
without this precaution, the young shoots and leaves would be 
scorched and spotted. 

Section 3. — Irrigation, and the kind of toater most proper for 
that operation. 

It is a principle in horticulture, that exotic plants, with persist- 
ent leaves, and which, in our green-houses are in almost a constant 
and more or less active state of vegetation, according to the tem- 
perature of the air, require, even in winter, a certain degree of hu- 
midity, sufficient to afford aliment to the leaves and roots. This is 
not the case with exotic plants, which have caducous leaves; these 
plants during the time they are in repose, scarcely require any 
water. The Camellia being a plant with persistent leaves, likes al- 
most a constant humidity, and especially in summer. Frequent 
waterings, during the hot season, powerfully contribute, to reani- 
mate and sustain its beautiful appearance. But the second effort of 
vegetation having terminated, when the new wood is almost matured, 
which is generally the case by the middle of August, and the buds 
are formed then, until the period of the next florescence, the dis- 
tribution of water becomes difficult and requires great attention ; 
for the health of the plant chiefly depends upon the care with which 
this is done. Too little, or not enough humidity, has the like inju- 
rious effects. The roots either become dry or rot, the whole plant 
languishes, the leaves, buds and flowers fall off, and finally it* dies. 
The first consideration then, is the knowledge of adopting the 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 23 

proper mean between humidity and dryness, especially during the 
period that the Camellia remains in the green-house. 

But what then, is this proper mean which is most congenial to 
the Camellia? What is the quantity of water which it requires? 
At what hour of the day should it be given ? What kind of water 
is best? All these questions are of great importance, but easily re- 
solved. We have said that, generally, the Camellia likes almost a 
constant humidity ; but still there should not be given, a great 
quantity of water at a time ; it is only essential to repeat the water- 
ing often, in order to keep the earth always in that state of humid- 
ity, which is sufficient to maintain the fermentation, but by no 
means so great, as to prevent it ; which would inevitably be the 
case, if the water is too copiously supplied. As to the hours of the 
day, which are the most favorable for watering the Camellia, we 
can only say, they must depend on the seasons, and especially on 
the temperature of the external air. In the winter, whether the 
pale and feeble rays of the sun appear to gladden the sad and 
dreary aspect of nature, or that she is long deprived of them, as is 
most common, it is necessary during those short and cold days, to 
water this plant, between nine and ten o'clock in the morning, in 
order that the earth may have time to regain its heat, by permitting 
the evaporation of a portion of its humidity. If the Camellia is 
watered in the evening, the coolness of the night joined to that 
of the water, arrests the progress of the sap, and there being no 
evaporation, the fall of the buds is the inevitable consequence of 
such an untimely operation. In the summer, on the contrary, 
when the Camellia is in the open air, it should be watered in the 
evening, because the water contributes to maintain the coolness of 
the earth during the night, and the plant bathed in this congenial 
humidity, recovers from the absorbing effects of the ardent heat of 
the day. 

It is not sufficient, however, to moisten the roots of the Camellia. 
When the temperature of the green-house rises too high, which 
often happens, during the months of May and June, — for our ad- 
vice is, to leave the Camellia in the green-house until the end of 
June, — the leaves of this plant require, that the salutary humidity 
in which they delight, should be given to them at that time, when 
they are exposed, in the shade to the open air. A syringe or hand 
pump is made use of, to cause the water to fall upon the leaves of 



24 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

tlie Camellia in fine drops like a gentle shower of rain. The water 
should be of a medium temperature. This mode of watering, which 
is so beneficial to the Camellia, when it is in the green-house, in 
the latter part of the spring, is still more so, if it is frequently done 
in summer, when this shrub is exposed to the open air. We think 
it also very beneficial, at this time to water the surrounding ground 
on which the plants stand, to restore to the air, a part of its elastic- 
ity, and to the plants those vapors from which they derive their 
ffirial nutriment. 

But although the waterings properly attended to, have a favor- 
able effect on the vigor of the Camellia, yet if they are too long 
neglected, the contrary result is produced frotii the aridity of the 
earth in the pots, which is the consequence of such omissions. A 
too great dryness of the earth, attacks this shrub in its roots, and 
when that is the case, there are no means of arresting the evil. 
Peat earth, on becoming dry, is incapable of absorbing water, or if 
it permits its passage, it is only in the form of an infiltration, and 
does not take place except when the water meets no obstacle and 
passes through the pot, without refreshing the roots of the perishing 
plant. The Camellia, when the waterings have been long neglect- 
ed, does not exhibit any symptoms of suffering, but is soon despoil- 
ed of its leaves ; the wood becomes shrivelled and stunted, the buds 
fall off, and death speedily follows. 

**^ To restore the Camellia to life, when this evil is not incurable, it 
is necessary immediately to repot it, giving to it fresh earth, cutting 
it down short, and placing it under glass in a hot-bed, moderately 
hot, depriving it of the air and sun, and watering it very moderately 
and only by degrees ; above all, do not soak the plant, with the ball 
of earth on it, in water, as is the practice with some gardeners ; 
this sudden transition is very injurious, and will complete that de- 
struction whicii the dryness of the earth had commenced. Another 
mode of saving the plant, is to put it in the open ground, under the 
protection of glass, where it more promptly acquires its primitive 
vigor. 

The waters of fountains and wells, when they are selenitical or 
calcarious, and even those of rivers, as they are often charged in 
their course with various salts, are all injurious to the vegetation of 
the Camellia; and if any of them are used! they should previously 
remain exposed to the action of the sun for at least twentyfour hours. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 25 

hours. Rain water is preferable, and has a salutary influence on 
the health of the Camellia. Not being saturated with any of the 
saline principles, possesses the property of easily dissolving those 
salts which are contained in the earth in which the plant is placed, 
and are of the character which penetrate its tissue. 

But the best waters for the camellia, are those of swamps, morass- 
es and bogs, which have been continually exposed to the influence 
of the sun and air. These waters containing, in abundance, the 
principles of nutrition, especially when they are found mixed with 
the detritus of vegetable and animal bodies, which furnish a certain 
quantity of carbon and azote, act in a wonderful manner upon the 
voracious organs of the Camellia ; but these waters should only be 
employed in the summer, when the shrub is exposed to the open 
air. In winter, and when the plants are in the green-house, they 
should be moistened with pure water, which has remained for several 
days in a cistern, situated in a corner of the greeu-house. 

Section 4. — The removal of the Camellia from the green-house 
into the open air. 

The period of removing the Camellia from, and returning it to 
the green-house, as well as the exposition, which is given to it, du- 
ring the summer, have a great influence on the health of the plant 
in winter. From the experience of several years, we have ascer- 
tained that the period when it should be removed from the green- 
house, is that, when it has completely finished its first growth, — 
when the new wood is ripe, and when the buds have all appeared, 
which generally arrives at the end of June. The Camellia does 
not like the full influence of the sun's rays, but on the contrary is 
pleased with a shady position and a free circulation of air. A 
northern exposure, where the first beams of the rising sun fall upon 
it, is the most eligible. If placed in a sunny position the buds are 
too rapidly formed, and the florescence is less beautiful, even if they 
are complete in their development. The same precaution is to be 
observed in removing the Camellia from the green-house, as with all 
other plants, which are there cultivated. The most important, is a 
shady and airy position ; the most congenial kind of protection from 
the sun is a live hedge or a range of cedars, (Thuya Orientalis or 
Arbor Vitae,) placed from eight to ten feet apart. The latter have 
the advantage of offering, by their evergreen foliage, the most desi- 
4 



26 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

rable kind of protection, and have also a beautiful appearance, as 
by proper management, they can be made to form a sufficiently com- 
pact screen. With such a protected position, neither the injurious 
effects of the violence of the sun's rays, the winds, rain storms, or 
even the ravages of frost are to be feared. 

We are in the habit of allowing to the Camellia, the advantages 
of such an exposition, until the end of August. Early in September, 
this plant should be exposed to the influence of the sun, during a 
greater portion of the morning, and even until near noon, and be so 
left, until it is returned to the green-house. This warm exposure 
confirms the last efforts of vegetation, consolidates the buds, and 
thus insures to the cultivator the pleasure he anticipated, as the 
reward for all the cares he had bestowed, on this admired plant. 

The restoration of the Camellia to the green-house. — The heavy 
rains of autumn, which are cold and frequent, enervate the Camellia, 
and always render the success of a complete and satisfactory flores- 
cence doubtful. The plants should, therefore, be restored to the 
green-house as soon as the rainy season commences, and especially, 
as the nights become cold, although the days may still be warm, for 
this remarkable difference of temperature, is injurious to the shrubs 
and should, therefore, induce the amateur to restore them early in 
October, or later if the season is mild ; and he should always select 
the most pleasant day, for this operation. 

Section 5. — The proper kind of green-house for the Camellia. 

The Camellia being a rustic shrub, it prospers sufficiently well in 
all kinds of green-houses ; but to render its florescence abundant and 
beautiful, it should be kept in a medium temperature, and placed, 
as near as possible to the light. Those plants which possess great 
vigor, and are from six to seven feet in height, flourish everywhere, 
if they are not checked, by accidental circumstances, as is frequently 
the case, with those, which have a lower exposition. But the young 
plants, which have recently been produced by grafting, or which 
are not more than a foot high, as well as all the delicate and rare 
species, require a brilliant light to bloom well. It is true, that such 
a position offers serious inconveniences, and among others, a stroke 
of the sun in the spring, which at any moment may scorch and in- 
jure the health of the plants. But these accidents can be prevented, 
by extending daily, about eight or nine o'clock in the morning, 



MONOGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 27 

cloths over the glass and withdrawing them, as soon as the sun dis- 
appears from the green-house. 

The double roofed green-houses, which are called English or 
Chinese, are excellent for small Camellias ; but they do not present 
an agreeable appearance ; still it is well to have one of them, to 
make the Camellia flourish, until the period it comes into flower, 
when it can be removed to the large green-houses. 

The green-house for the Camellia should be furnished, like all 
others, with a stove or furnace, well built of masonry, the funnel of 
which should be of brick and of a square form, placed in the inte- 
rior, against one of the walls ; — that in front is most usually selected 
for the purpose. The entrance to the furnace should be on the out- 
side, so that the fire can be attended to, without entering the green- 
house. This precaution is very necessary to prevent the smoke 
from being admitted, as its injurious influence is irreparable ; the 
fall of the leaves and buds being the immediate consequences. 

" The confined heat of the green-house produces a vapor, which 
attaches itself to the ceiling, glass and walls, where it is condensed 
and falls in drops upon the plants. This concentrated vapor, is inju- 
rious to the Camellias which receive it, if they are suffered thus to 
remain, for any considerable time. In order to promptly remove it, it 
is useful, when the exterior atmosphere will permit, to open some 
of the sashes, and kindle, at the same time, a fire in the furnace, to 
temper the fresh admitted air. If this mode is impracticable, in 
consequence of the intensity of the cold, it must be attempted to 
remove the moisture, where it is collected on the glass, by the use 
of cloths, fastened to a staff. When it is necessary to keep up the 
fire for a long time, on account of the cold, it must not be forgotten 
to water the Camellias, which are near the furnace and funnel, and 
even all the others, if it is requisite ; for if the earth becomes too 
dry, it causes, as we have experienced, irreparable disasters. 

Section 6. — The ventilation and temperature of green-houses. 

The air being one of the most indispensable elements, to the 
prosperous condition of plants, it is requisite that it be temperate 
and circulate freely in the green-house. An active, dry and cold 
air is injurious to the Camellia ; while a humid and warm air is fa- 
vorable to its vegetation. A thermometer, therefore, should be 
placed in the green-house to regulate its temperature ; and although 



28 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GKNUS CAMELLIA. 

the Camellia may be exposed to some degrees of cold, without suf- 
fering ; still to render its florescence certain and perfect, it is neces- 
sary that it should enjoy a temperature, of from 45 to 50 degrees of 
Fahrenheit's thermometer. 

As long as the exterior atmosphere, is near those degrees, — 
which should be indicated by a good thermometer exposed to the 
north in the garden, the doors and sashes of the green-house may 
be left open ; but they should be carefully watched and shut as soon 
as the exiernal temperature descends to only ten or twelve degrees 
above the point of congelation. 

It is useful to give air to the Camellias every morning, even when 
the weather is a little cold, if the sun is bright above the horizon. 
As the leaves of the Camellia, present quite a large, shining, porous 
and slightly humid surface, they attract the dust, which is continu- 
ally circulating in the green-house, and soon become covered with 
it. These foreign bodies prevent the exercise of their absorbent func- 
tions, or rather, obstruct the pores, which are destined to inspire the 
surrounding nutritious gases, as well as to expire those which are 
disengaged from the plant. It is therefore necessary, that from 
time to time, during the winter, this dust should be removed from 
the plants. The following are the modes of doing it. 

Some persons wash the leaves with apiece of sponge ; but while 
the sponge, if it is not continually cleansed, absorbs the dust of the 
leaves, and communicates it to those to which it is isuccessively ap- 
plied, it also leaves a little humidity on them, which immediately 
collects the dust again. 

The best method is, to use a small piece of fine and dry linen, or 
cotton cloth with which the leaves are to be lightly and carefully 
rubbed ; they immediately acquire all their natural lustre and pre- 
sent a renewed appearance of health and vigor. 

While the Camellia is in the green-house, and even when in the 
open air, a kind of moss, which is often produced by the quality of 
the water used in irrigation, is formed, which covers the superior 
surface of the earth in the pots. It is, therefore, necessary, when 
the plants are removed from, or restored to the green-house, that this 
moss should be carefully taken off, and with it as much of the earth 
as possible, which is to be replaced, with such, as has been prepared, 
for the purpose, in the manner, that has Been described, and vuhich 
has a vivifying effect on the plants. 



MONOORAPHT OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 29 

Section 7. — The insects whith are injurious to the Camellia. 

The Camellia is attacked, both, when in the green-house, and ex- 
posed to the open air, by several small insects, which are the aphides, 
(plant Vice,) formiccB, (ants,) kermes, (a small beetle of the coccus 
genus,) cochineal, (also a beetle of the coccus genus,) dt-c. 

It is not an easy task to destroy these various kinds of insects, 
and the process we shall describe requires great care and attention. 

The Aphides are developed early in the spring ; they attach 
themselves to the most tender shoots, and cover them so com- 
pletely, that the bark seems to have changed its color ; and are 
constantly pumping the abundant sap, with which the young 
branches are filled, and they consequently languish. The leaves 
fade and soon perish, if the insects are not either removed by the 
cultivator, rains or certain winds which are fatal to them. They 
are readily destroyed by burning tobacco in the green-house, washing 
the infected branches with soap suds, or, what is still better, 
crushing them with the fingers. 

Although it is said, that the formica; live at the expense of the 
aphides, we believe there are some of the species, which are nour- 
ished by the tender twigs of the Camellia; besides, their numerous 
progeny is very inconvenient, especially when they form their hab- 
itations, as is sometimes the case, in the Camellia pots. Green- 
houses can be readily cleared of these insects, by partly filling small 
phials with honey and water, which they are thus induced to enter, 
in vast numbers, where they are drowned. 

The Kermes, — commonly called the orange-bug, which is often 
seen on the leaves and bark of the young branches, and the cochin- 
eal, which attaches itself to the new shoots, and in the axils of the 
young leaves, draw out all the sap. These enemies are to be 
destroyed, by visiting the Camellia often, early in the mornino-j and 
crushing them with a small flat piece of wood. 

< Earth worms, easily enter the pots, disturb the roots and 
decompose the compost. The method of preventing them from 
entering the pots consists, in placing a piece of slate under each, 
supporting them on planks, or making a bed of fine gravel, or river 
sand, two or three inches thick, on which they are to stand. 

When these worms are in the ball of earth, which surrounds the 
roots, and they cannot be extirpated, by removing it from the pot, 



30 MONOGRAPIIY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

they may be compelled to leave it, by watering once or twice the roots 
with a slight decoction of tobacco. We have employed, with success, 
a very slight solution of quick lime : but this method, if it is not per- 
formed with great precaution, will completely destroy the most del- 
icate roots, when the plant inevitably perishes. 

Section 8. — Florescence of the Camellia and mariner of forcing it. 

The natural epoch of the florescence of the Camellia is, generally, 
from the month of December, until the end of March. Still, by an 
artificial culture, to which it readily yields, if it is desired to calcu- 
late the phases of its vegetation and follow its progress, plants' may 
be made to bloom, in succession, from the commencement of Sep- 
tember, to the end of April. The best course to be pursued, to 
insure success, in this extra-natural culture, is as follows. 

When it is desired, that a plant should bloom in September, its 
vegetation should be excited, at least a month earlier than common. 
For this purpose, in the month of February, the plants, which have 
not any flower bud, and which are in a vigorous and sufficiently 
forward condition, should be selected and repotted, in the manner 
which has been described, if it is necessary, and then placed in a 
position, where the heat can be augmented, in order that they may 
by this artificial means commence vegetation promptly and finish 
their first growth, a month sooner than usual. They are to be re- 
moved from the green-house, by the end of May, instead of the close 
of June and placed in a less shady exposition, than is the general 
custom. 

In April, the plants which give indications of blooming, should be 
retained in a green-house, which must be ventilated, during the 
day, but closed at night; and they must be protected, against the 
solar rays, by means of cloths, or light mats, and kept in a uniformly 
temperate and equal atmosphere. In proportion as the exterior air 
diminishes in temperature, that within must be elevated. By this 
mode of culture, if it is well conducted, abundant and beautiful 
flowers will be obtained, in the month of September. Besides those 
plants, which are ready to bloom, may be placed toward the end of 
this month, in a hot bed which is kept moderately warm, — care be- 
jng taken to screen them from the sun, and give them air in the day 
time, and they will continue to bloom in succession. 

When it is desirable to retard the florescence of the Camellia, all 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 31 

the operations which have been described, are but to be performed 
a month later, to make them bloom naturally; and by the means of 
a less elevated artificial atmosphere, but which, however, is con- 
stantly equal, the development of the flowers may be retarded for 
several weeks. 

Section 9. — 31eans of preventing the buds from falling of. 

To prevent the fall of the buds, — a natural desire of the horticul- 
turists — and induce the Camellia to bloom abundantly every year, it 
is necessary to attend constantly and in the most faithful manner 
to its culture, especially from the time of repotting, to the develop- 
ment of the flowers. We shall not repeat, what has been said upon 
repotting, but add : first, that it is indispensable, immediately after 
that operation, to keep the Camellia in a temperature, of from 58 to 
65 degrees, during the day, and from 54 to 58 in the night ; second, 
that as soon as the young shoots have terminated their development, 
during which they are still in a herbaceous state, it is requisite to 
increase the heat of the green-house from 68 to 77 degrees during 
the day, and from 58 tc 65 in the night. This augmentation of 
temperature, causes the buds to appear more readily, in greater 
abundance, and more vigorous. We have observed, that if nature 
is not aided, at this period, by an increase of heat, the new shoots, 
being left in a too low temperature, are suddenly checked and be- 
come hardened, before their natural maturity is completed. In this 
conjuncture, the development of the buds becomes more difficult, 
in consequence of the hardness of the wood, and is not eflfected un- 
til a later period ; they are often, from this cause, less numerous, 
and very imperfect ; and besides, they fall off", on the first change of 
temperature. It is probable, that this fatal accident is in conse- 
quence of their no longer receiving that lacteous nourishment, from 
the herbaceous shoots which contributes so powerfully to produce, 
and firmly attach them to the branch, which they are destined to 
embellish, at a later period. 

When the buds are perfectly formed, — which is, as has been 
said, in about three weeks after the first effort of the plant to throw 
out new shoots — care must be taken, to diminish, gradually, the heat 
of the green-house, until the period, when the Camellias are remov- 
ed into the open air ; which is usually towards the end of June. 

Finally, being placed in its summer exposition,, the Camellia 



32 MONOGRAPIIY OF THE OENUS CAMELLIA. 

demands the strictest observance, of all tliose directions, whicli were 
given in the fii'tli section. 

But those directions, however well attended to, will not prevent 
the full of the buds, if it is neglected to keep the plant in a uniformly 
equal temperature, of between 47 and 50 degrees during the day, and 
43 and 45 in the night, from the fust of October, until the end of 
March. We designedly insist upon the necessity of a strict atten- 
tion to this uniformly equal temperature, because, that in fact, 
whether the Camellia is kept, during the rigorous season, in a con- 
stant temperature of but from four to six degrees above the freezing 
point of 32, by only permitting the heat to be augmented by the 
exterior atmosphere ; or whether the temperature of the green- 
house is always maintained up to between 54 and GO, this double 
difference, remaining constantly the same, cannot in cither case be 
injurious to the florescence. In the first it will be only later and in 
the second more precocious; but if, in the last hypothesis, the arti- 
ficial heat, is, for even a short period, too violent, in consequence 
of the furnace being badly managed, the plant will bloom well, it is 
true, but, not having enjoyed a constantly uniform temperature, in 
the green-house, up to the usual period of its removal, it languishes, 
loses its leaves, and often, it is not in the power of the horticulturist, 
to prevent it from perishing. Such is the fate of the forced 
Camellia, which are destined to decorate our saloons in winter, and 
furnish the tribute of their brilliant fiowers, durjng the season of 
magnificent entertainments. 

An e(iuality of temperature is therefore, essential, for the preser- 
vation of the buds. A too sudden change, whether it arise from the 
ni()n»entary introduction of cold air into the green-house, at the time 
when the heat is up to from 54 to CO degrees, or from a too great 
elevation of the temperature, to from 60 to 65, too suddenly intro- 
duced, when the thermometer, indicates but 32 degrees ; both of 
these sudden and violent transitions produce the same results, — the 
fall of the buds : the reason appears to us evident. 

When the buds are near expanding into blossom, a mild and con- 
tinued heat causes them to advance rapidly, the vegetation of the 
Camellia, being then confined to only this part of the plant. If then, 
to an excessive elevation of the atmosphere, there succeeds a consid- 
erable reduction of the heat, the sap, operated upon by this^sudden 
change, is checked ; the buds no longer receiving nourishment, as 
abundantly as before, they become dry and fall 



MONOOKAPIIY OF THE GRNUS CAMBl-LIA. 33 

A physiologist cannot fail to notice, with deep interest, how pow- 
erfully the heat and cold, instantaneously acts, upon the huds, when 
they have reached a certain degree oi development. The slightest 
difibrence of temperature affects them considerably. 

The necessity then, cannot be too earnestly insisted upon, of 
keeping the heat of the green-house, at all times very near the same 
degree of elevation. In the spring, this regularity is less necessa- 
ry, because there is nothing to be feared from such sudden transi- 
tions, and the solar heat is daily increasing; but, in winter, the at- 
mospheric variations, being so frequent and instantaneous, and the 
life of the plants being confided to artificial means, it can be easily 
conceived, that much greater vigilance is necessary to regulate, ac- 
cording to the circumstances, the temperature which they require. 

To act in conformity to these established principles, it is neces- 
sary to have two thermometers in the green-house, one being placed 
on the rear and the other on the front wall, and to examine them at- 
tentively several times every day. When the temperature falls as 
low as J38, the doors and sashes should be immediately closed ; and 
if, notwithstanding this precaution, the thermometer does not indi- 
cate a proper heat, a little fire must be kindled in the furnace; but 
care must be observed not to elevate the temperature either too sud- 
denly, or too high ; from -iS to 41 degrees of constant heat is bet- 
ter than 54 which is irregular and interrupted. We do not open our 
doors, only when the exterior air is of a congenial temperature, or 
when the sun shines oh the superior sashes of the green-house, and 
the interior heat has arisen to from 50 to 54 degrees. It should be 
recollected, that this plant is like a watch, which recjuires to be 
daily wound up, by a regular process and not at various times and 
by jerks. 

We have seen the buds fall, within fortyeight hours from a hun- 
dred beautiful Camellias, which were enclosed in a green-house, in 
consefjuence of the temperature of GO degrees, to which the plants 
had been accustomed for many days, having been allowed to fall as 
low as 38. It can readily be conceived, that such an extraordinary 
change of temperature, should disorganize the ascending progress 
of the sap, and cause the most fatal consequences. 

Finally, to prevent the buds from falling, there is still another 
very simple method, which was made known to us, by the late M. 
Cels, and which we have practised often with success. It consists 
5 



34 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

in placing the Camellia filled with buds, upon a moderately warm 
hot bed, four feet broad and three feet in depth, covered with a 
glazed sash, and put in fermentation by fresh horse manure, or dry 
leaves, well pressed down. The manure should be put in the in- 
terior of the bed for the evaporation produced by these confined 
substances, is injurious to the florescence. The Camellias when 
placed in this hot bed, are managed in the same manner, as those 
in the green-house ; that is, giving them air, whenever the exterior 
temperature will permit, and covering them with mats during the 
night ; if it freezes, the coverings are doubled and kept on until 
there is a change to mild weather. The air is then gradually ad- 
mitted and they are moderately watered. In relation to this subject 
we can relate a sufficiently curious fact. 

We saw, in the rigorous winter of 1829 and 1830, M. Cels, con- 
fine, under the sashes of a hot bed, which were covered with mats 
and straw, the most beautiful white and striped Camellias in full 
bud, and leave them thus deprived of air and light, during the 
whole winter, and when the hot bed was opened, although the hu- 
midity poured out in clouds and seemed to drown the plants, nearly 
all the buds were uninjured, perfectly fresh, well nourished, and 
some of them beginning to bloom, and all of them in a few days 
were admirably developed. 

It is here proper to mention some varieties of the Camellia, 
whose buds expand into blossom with difficulty and but very rarely, 
in consequence of the multiplicity of the petals, which are con- 
tained in them : they are the Camellia Dorsetti, Woodsii, gigan- 
tea, Chandlerii, Rex Georgius, Florida, Sfc. 

The buds of these plants often only half open, and sometimes 
even less ; they remain in this state for several days, and finally 
drop off. 

If these buds are opened after their fall, a certain quantity of 
water is found collected in their calyx, and their central petals in a 
state of decomposition. To this stagnant humidity it is most prob- 
able may be attributed, the destruction of the vegetable energy of 
the short peduncle which sustains the bud, and whose putrefaction 
occasions its fall. 

This examination has induced us to attempt a particular mode of 
obtaining a regular florescence of these varieties of the Ca.mellia ; 
and the experiment having succeeded two years in succession, it is 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 35 

now made known for the benefit of amateurs. We placed, during 
the winter, several of these varieties, and especially the Woodsii 
and Dorsetti, in a very airy, light, dry and sufficiently cool situa- 
ation ; the number of buds were reduced, that there might be more 
sap and vigor for those which remained ; the plants were kept in a 
low temperature, for the purpose of retarding the growth and de- 
velopment of the buds, until the season of pleasant weather was 
so far advanced, as that the natural heat of the atmosphere became 
both more equal and active. At the close of the winter, these Ca- 
mellias were removed into the green-house and placed in the most 
favorable position, where they were watered frequently, but only a 
littte moisture was furnished at a time. In the spring, all these 
plants developed their buds easily, and presented a magnificent flo- 
rescence. We invite all amateurs to repeat this experiment and 
request them to inform us of the result. 

Section 10. — The management of Camellias in private apart' 

ments. 

The Camellia is such a pleasing and elegant plant, that every 
one is desirous of decorating their saloons with it : but these posi- 
tions being too warm and nnhealthy, the vital principle of its or- 
ganization is deteriorated, and it soon perishes. 

We have thought, however, that this flower might be enjoyed for 
a long time, in private apartments, if it could be isolated from the 
influence of the fire and the mephitic exhalations of the human 
body, by the means of glass. Place, for example, some shelves, 
like steps, against one of the walls of the room, on which may be 
stood pots containing several varieties of the Camellia in bloom, and, 
enclose these steps in a glazed frame. The plants would not suffer in 
such a secure position, and the flowers would have a most interesting 
and pleasing effect. Attention will be requisite, to give them air, 
in the morning, before the fires are made in the room; and when 
the florescence has ceased, they should be replaced in a green-house 
or what is still better, in a glazed hot bed. 

Camellias in bloom, might be enclosed between double windows 
prepared for that purpose, when the thickness of the walls of the 
house is such as to allow sufficient space ; and if the aspect is a 
southern one so much the better. The flowers and the verdure 
would be very brilliant in such an exposition, as they would be 



36 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 

completely protected from the dust, and besides the plant could not 
be injured by its removal from the green-house into a habitation so 
favorably situated, for the complete preservation of its health. 

Section 11. — The cultivation of the Camellia in zinconfined earth. 

The Camellia, when placed in unconfined earth, whether in a 
conservatory, green-house or a hot bed, grows rapidly and in a few 
years becomes very much extended, and blooms easily and abun- 
dantly ; but if attention is not paid to having a proper drainage, to 
allow the water to pass off from the roots, or if it is entirely de- 
prived of the contact of the open air, — especially in summer, the 
earth in which it is planted, is deteriorated, the roots putrefy, the 
plant is stripped of its leaves, and perishes. 

To avoid this sad result of negligence, it is essential, before trans- 
planting the Camellia into unconfined earth, to prepare the soil 
where it is to stand, in such a manner that the water shall not re- 
main stagnant around its roots, which can easily be done, by first 
placing at the bottom of the space, where it is intended to set out 
the plant, some gravel, and over that a few inches of sand ; and it 
is also advisable to put over the sand, the roots and vegetable sub- 
stances which have been separated from the peat soil, when pre- 
paring it for filling the pots. The Camellia being thus set out, 
great care should be taken, to aflford it a free circulation of air in the 
summer, and especially a humid atmosphere ; and for this purpose, 
the sashes should be left open every pleasant night, to enable the 
plant to enjoy the refreshing dews, during that season ; and it will 
also be beneficial to the plants, to renew the earth which surrounds 
their roots, every three or four years. 

The Camellia placed in unconfined earth, without protection, is 
not capable of resisting, a temperature lower than from 38 to 41 ; 
consequently it would be a useless experiment, to attempt, in the 
climate of Paris, to expose it to a greater degree of cold. If the 
winter should be mild, it may be preserved, beyond a doubt, vege- 
etate well during the summer, and offer a beautiful appearance in 
autumn ; but the frequent variations of the atmosphere, at that peri- 
od, would cause the buds to fall off. 

In warm climates, in a northern exposure, where it can be screen- 
ed from the sun, and in a soil which is congenial, the Camellia 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 3/ 

would become a magnificent tree, and present, at the time of its 
florescence an enchanting aspect. This prospect can be enjoyed 
at Caserta, near Naples, where there is cultivated, in the royal do- 
mains, a Camellia, which was planted in 1760. It is more than 40 
feet high, and occupies, with its lateral branches, asj)ace more than 
twenty feet in circumference. It is covered with thousands of blossoms 
in the spring, to which succeeds an abundant fructification, affording 
the means of infinite multiplication. We have often visited that 
admirable tree, and to perpetuate the recollection, we designed and 
colored it upon the spot, with all the exactness, which our feeble pow- 
ers would allow. We presented the original painting to our master 
and honorable colleague, Mr De Candolle, the elder. 

Section 12. — Prmdng of the Camellia. 

There are but few exotic plants, which bear pruning, as well as 
the Camellia; and by performing this operation with intelligence 
and at the proper time, it assumes the form, which it may be desired 
to give it, and blossoms most abundantly. The periods for pruning 
are, either the spring, immediately after the florescence, or in the 
summer, after the second growth ; that is, about the middle of Au- 
gust. If the pruning is performed in the spring, it is necessary, im- 
mediately after that delicate operation, to carefully repot the shrub, 
place it in a green-house, where there is a considerable elevation of 
temperature, to induce it to throw out its new branches vigorously 
and in season to get well ripened before the cold weather commen- 
ces. If the plants are pruned in August, it becomes requisite to 
sacrifice the existing buds, and a year is lost, before the blossoms can 
be enjoyed ; for at this epoch the vegetation of the Camellia, is dis- 
posed to repose ; but the after growth in the spring, which succeeds 
the pruning, will be much more vigorous, and the new branches 
•with which the plant is supplied, will begin to bear buds the second 
year. 

Besides, the Camellias which are pruned in August, may remain 
in the open air until the common period, when all the plants are re- 
turned to the green-house ; but those which are pruned in the spring, 
require to be put in a glazed hot bed, immediately after that oper- 
ation, as has been before said ; for without this precaution, they 
vegetate but slowly, and produce only small and feeble shoots, which 
do not blossom for several years. 



38 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

Section 13. — The multiplication of the Camellia. 

The Camellia is multiplied in three manners: by the seeds, cut' 
tings, or layers and grafts. 

By seeds. — The seeds are planted, in a hot bed, under glass, in 
a peat soil, which has been passed through a sieve. The seeds 
which are sown, should have naturally arrived at maturity, which is 
easily known, by their falling spontaneously from their hard peri- 
carps. The bed should be lightly covered with moss, to keep up, 
continually, a slight humidity. The seeds often remain two years 
before they vegetate, but sometimes the young plants appear the 
first year. As soon as the plants have attained about two inches in 
height, they are to be taken up, with a small ball of earth attached 
to each, and put into separate little pots, which are to be arranged in 
the same hot-bed, and protected from the air and sun, until they are 
in a state to bear exposure, when they are to be managed in the 
same manner as has been recommended for Camellias generally. At 
the expiration of five or six years, nearly all of these individuals, are 
in a flowering state ; some of them, however, do not blossom for 
twelve years, aswe have experienced. Seeds of the Camellia which 
were gathered in 1819, from the celebrated tree at Caserta, did not 
bloom until 1831, and we have two plants, which were produced 
from those seeds, that flowered for the first time in 183G, which 
was more than fifteen years after they were planted. 

To induce Camellias, obtained from the seed, tb bloom promptly , 
they must be grafted as soon as the wood is sufficiently matured, 
which is in their second or third year. This should be done only 
on the most vigorous plants, to render the florescence more certain 
and rapid. 

By cuttings. — This method is employed to obtain free stalks, but 
more often to procure subjects for grafting ; and the single red or 
pink are usually selected for this purpose. 

The following is the most simple manner of performing the oper- 
ation. 

In the spring, the shoots, of the preceeding year's growth, are se- 
lected, from the single, or semi-double Camellias, which are divided 
into cuttings, from four to six inches in length ; these are set out 
together a few lines distant from each other, in pots filled with peat 
soil, which are plunged in a pit of tanners' bark and covered" with a 



MONOGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 39 

hand glass, or placed in a shaded position of the green-house ; from 
time to time, it is necessary to raise the hand glasses, and wipe off 
the interior humidity, and occasionally moisten the cuttings, with a 
little watering pot, made expressly for the purpose. Cuttings thus 
managed take root, in about six weeks, and when the roots are suffi- 
ciently developed, they are transplanted into small pots, where they 
remain until large enough for being engrafted. The Camellia can 
thus be multiplied by cuttings, in green-houses, which have no arti- 
ficial heat, and without the aid of tan ; but the process is too long 
and often uncertain. 

The Camellia can also be multiplied by layers; but horticultu- 
.rists have generally renounced this mode of operation, because the 
subjects thus treated, take too long a time to root, occupy too much 
space in the green-house, or hot-beds, besides requiring the sacrifice 
of the most beautiful branches ; and the result is not in proportion 
to the labor, time and expense, which it occasions ; grafting, there- 
fore, is the expedient of multiplication, which every where pre- 
vails. 

Section 14, — Different methods of grafting the Camellia. 

Grafting. — The Camellia, which it is desired to multiply, is gener- 
ally grafted upon stocks of the single red variety, or any other single 
o? double kind, may be selected, which can best be spared for that 
purpose. There are now several modes of grafting ; but we shall 
only describe those which are most generally practised, and espe- 
cially that, which the Belgians most commonly employ, to prop- 
agate the new and most valuable varieties. 

Grafting hy approach, or Inarching. — The kind of grafting 
most used, the easiest to perform, as well as the most natural and 
.most ancient, is certainly that called inarching. This mode v^hich 
can be practised at all seasons, is, nevertheless, most commonly per- 
formed in March. 

In performing the operation, a lateral cut or slit is made in the 
stock, so as to form a kind of tongue, or a portion of the bark and 
sapwood is removed, an inch, or an inch and a half in length, and 
as low as possible. The same thing is done on the branch of the 
Camellia, which it is desired to obtain. The parts thus prepared 
are carefully united, — precaution being taken, that the barks of 
both exactly coincide, and they are confined with woollen yarn, 



40 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

hemp, or strips of bass-wood bark, which have been first moistened . 
In a few months the parts are united ; but the portion of the branch 
of the Camellia, which is united to the stock is gradually separated, 
by incisions made at intervals, of from eight to ten days, in the fol- 
lowing monthly order. Camellias, inarched in March may be sep- 
arated in August, and those on which the operation is performed in 
May, in October ; being cautious to commence the incisions a 
month before. 

Cleft Grafting. — This is the common mode of grafting, which 
every body understands, but which was not practised on the Camel- 
lia, until the immense results were made known, which our excel- 
lent friend, Mr De Soulange Bodin obtained, in his grand establish- 
ment at Fromont, near Ris. That learned and skilful horticultu- 
rist made use of this method, in preference to all others, because, at 
all seasons, it can be performed, by the aid of the artificial means 
which is specially used, to excite a flow of sap in the plants, and 
cause them to vegetate. Mr Soulange Bodin has substituted this 
kind of grafting for that of Belgium, — an account of which we shall 
give hereafter ; it offers the same advantages, namely, economy of 
time and material, and probably more certainty in the results. By 
the employment of this ingenious method, a small twig of the spe- 
cies, which it is desired to multiply, having on it a single bud, and 
grafted on a congenial stock, produces, in six weeks, a complete 
shrub. , 

Mr Soulange Bodin calls this the stifled graft, because the plants, 
as soon as they are grafted, are put in a very warm bark-pit and cov- 
ered with a bell-glass, where they have the appearance of being 
stifled. 

Those who say, that this mode of operating, injures the root of 
the stock, while it is subjected to the very elevated heat of the hot 
bed, are completely deceived. We have had, in our possession, 
many Camellias, which were grafted in this manner several years 
since, and we have never perceived any disease in them which 
could have arisen from that cause. We will cite a characteristic 
fact, in support of this assertion. In January 1830, having made 
an excursion to Fromont, we selected and brought back, during 
intensely cold weather, against the advice of the proprietor, and the 
gardenerof that establishment, a dozen little Camellias, which had - 
been grafted according to the above named process, and recently 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 41 

removed from the hot bed. In spite of all our precautions, we found 
the earth in the pots entirely congealed on our arrival. Still hoping 
to save them, notwithstanding this fatal accident, which was solely 
occasioned by our obstinacy, they were carefully kept, the whole oi 
the winter, in a mild and uniform temperature, and in the spring, 
we had the pleasure of seeing the whole of our Camellias vege- 
tate vigorously, as if nothing had happened. If the manner in 
which my friend had treated these young plants, had been perni 
cious and injured their roots, and especially when the severe cold to 
which they were subjected was added to that cause, they must inev- 
itably have perished, without the possibility of redemption. 
^ The Belgic Graft. — This is a lateral mode of grafting, to which 
the Belgians give the preference, and is performed from spring until 
autumn. This is the method of operation. A portion of the bark 
and wood is cut from the side of the stock, and as low as possible 
in the same manner as for inarching. A small scion of one or twc 
iiiches in length, with one bud and a single leaf on it, is taken from thr 
Camellia, intended to be multiplied, the end cut sloping, on one sidf 
only, like a wedge and so placed on the stock, as that the barks oi 
both shall coincide, and then secured with woollen yarn. 

When this operation is completed, the pot containing the en- 
grafted stock, is placed upon its side upon an unheated bark-pit, o. 
dry moss, on which, however, the branches only should rest; then 
the grafted part is immediately, hermetically covered, with a bell 
glass. At the expiration of fifteen days, the graft is perfectly united, 
and in three weeks, at the farthest, the plant is ready for sale. 

It is superfluous to remark, that this graft, during the whole time 
that it remains under the bell-glass, to form the desired union, should 
always have the protection of a green-house, if the operation is per- 
formed in the summer, and of a glazed but unheated pit, if at any 
other season. 
'Inarching — by cuttings. — Heretofore, in uniting the graft to 
the stock, it was planted like a cutting, near the root of the stock, 
and a result was produced, very nearly like that which is obtained 
by the Belgic graft; but this mode of operating, requiring a branch 
of a certain length, the same number of plants cannot be obtained 
from the parent Camellia ; but still, this mode, as well as that of the 
Belgians, is economical and expeditious. 
6 



42 MONOGRAPIIY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



CHAPTER THIRD. 
METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION. 

Before describing the species or varieties, it is proper that an 
explanation should be given of the method of classification, to 
which we have alluded. 

This method consists of two series of ascending chromatic ga- 
muts, of the tones, and natural shades of the flowers, of the prin- 
cipal varieties of the Camellia, all of which, as we have stated, 
having been derived from the Camellia Japonica, properly so called. 

The first gamut commences with the Pure White, which passes to 
Rose, then to Cherry, more or less deep, and goes on to Amaranth, 
or Provence Rose, and ends with Purple. 

The second gamut commences with Yellowish Carnation, (dingy 
white,) which passes to Flesh, then to clear or deep Orange, and 
ends in Purple, 

The flowers of these two gamuts, are, as we have elsewhere 
stated, either unicolored or bicolored. The unicolored are those 
which do not admit of any modification in the unit of their color, 
like those indicated in the first gamut, of the colored synoptical 
table. 

The bicolors, on the contrary, allow of several modifications, and 
present five different division. . 

The first gamut includes three, which are : 

1st. Flowers with a white ground, striped or spotted with rose. 

2d. Flowers with a rose ground, striped or spotted with cherry. 

3d. Flowers with a cherry ground, striped or spotted with white. 

The second gamut includes two, which are: 

1st. Flowers with a dingy ivhite ground , Jlesh color, striped with 
white. 

2d. Flowers with an orange red ground, more or less deep, 
striped, or spotted with white. 

In the first gamut, — and here we borrow the language of the 
painter, — the white is not overpowered by any color. 

The Rose is either overpowered by the Clear Rose-Lake and the 
Naples Yellow, as in No. 1, in the colored table ; or by the Clear 
Rose-Lake, Naples Yellow, and Vermilion, as in Nos. 2, and 3, in 
the same table ; or by the Deep Rose-Lake, Naples Yellow, and 
Vermilion, as in No. 4 of the same table. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 43 

Tlie clear, or deep Cherry is overpowered, either by Carmine- 
Lake, which, mixed with more or less Rose-Lake and Vermilion, 
produces the Amaranth more or less deep, No. 1 ; or by Carmine- 
Lake, mixed with more or less Vermilion, which produces India 
Red, as in No 3. 

Or by Carmine, mixed with more Vermilion, which produces the 
Provence Rose, or Purple, as in Nos. 4, 5, 0, and 7. 

In the second gamut, the Dingy White, or flesh-colored, is over- 
powered by the Clear Rose-Lake and Cinnabar , as in Nos. 1 , 2, 
and 3. The Clear Orange Red of this gamut is overpowered by 
the Rose-Lake, with more Cinnabar, as in Nos, 1,2, 3, and 4. The 
Deep Orange-Red is overpowered by the Carmine, mixed with 
more or less Cinnabar, which produces the Poppy, Nos. 5, 6, 7, 
and 8. 

To enable amateurs to select Camellias according to their taste, 
and to base their choice upon more precise notions, we have not 
only designated by a special epithet, at the end of each description,* 
the appropriate degree of merit due to each plant, but have also 
given the synonyme, by which it is known in the nurseries, and 
flower-markets ; and lastly, to render the work acceptable to all 
those to whom we have the honor of being known, whether ama- 
teurs, or nursery-men, we have indicated the principal nursery-meu, 
who may be applied to, with confidence, for selections. Knowing 
very particularly the greater part of those establishments, as well as 
the intelligence, integrity, and honesty, of those vvho direct them, we 
can assure amateurs, by our own experience, that their orders will 
be faithfully executed. 

ADDRESSES OF THE PRINCIPAL NURSERY-MEN IN EUROPE. 

IN FRANCE. 

M. M. De Soulange Bodin, rue de la Chaussee-d'Aulin, No. 44, a 
Paris ; 
Noisette, faubourg Saint Jacques, No. 51, a Paris ; 
Cels freres, choussee du Maine, No. 77, a Paris ; 
Paillet, rue du Petit-Banquier, No. 5, a Paris. 
Mathieu, rue de Buffon, a Paris; 

*The designating epithets are in the following gradation. Insignificant, rather in- 
significant, passable, curious, pretty, very pretty, handsome, very handsome, distin- 
guished, beautiful, very beautiful, charming, superb, magnificent. 



44 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

DuRAND, rue de Buffon, a Paris ; 

CisLEY — Vandael, rue de Vaugirard, a Paris ; 

FioN, rue des Trois-Couronnes, a Paris ; 

Daniel Hooibrink, boulevart Mont-Parnasse, No. 37 a 

Paris ; 
Baumann freresj a Bolwiller, Haut-Rhin ; 
Margat pere et fils, a Versailles ; 
- Bertin, id. 

Lahaye, id. 

Dubart, a Montreuil, pres Paris ; 
Cachet, a Angers ; 
Leroy, id. 

Miellez, a Lille. 

IN foreign countries. 

Knight, London : 

LoDDiGEs, do. 

Mecheltnk, Gand ; 

Buyckvander Meersch, Gaud ; 

Verleeuwen, do. 

Vangeert, do. 

Veschaffelt, Gaud. 

MoENs, Anvers ; 

Parmentier, Enghien ; . 

HiLOT, Bruxelles ; 

Oackes, Tourney ; 

Martin Burdin, Turin, Italy. 

Mariani, Milan, do. 

Martin Burdin, Milan, do. 

Casoretti, do. do. 

Tagliabue, do. do. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 45 

CHAPTER FOURTH. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES AND VARIETIES. 

FIRST GAMUT. 

UNICOLORED CAMELLIAS. 

WHITE FLOWERS. 

1. Camellia ^Z6a simplex. — Shrub vigorous, branches diffuse^ 
leaves two inches four lines* broad, and four inches and three lin^s 
long, roundish-oval, a little acute, much veined, and regularly den- 
tated, deep green : appearance of the C. variegata plena ; buds 
large, pointed, scales calycinal, and of a pale green ; blossoms two 
and a half inches in diameter, regular, single, pure white ; petals 
broad, in number five or six, white, sometimes spotted with red ; 
stamens closed in a fascile ; the pistil surpasses them in length. 
Produces seed. A pretty variety. 

2. C. Alba plena. — Leaves two inches and three lines broad, 
and four long, elongated-oval, acute ; revolute at the summit ; irre- 
gularly dentated, of a dull green, and prominent nerves ; petiole 
short ; bud large, oval, with green calycinal scales ; flower very 
large, full, regular, deprived of sexual organs, which are replaced 
with numerous petals, thick, spiral, imbricated, milk white, forming 
a very round corolla, four inches in diameter, and of an extremely 
elegant form. — Magnificent. 

3. C. Amabilis. — Leaves two inches three lines broad, and four 
long, roundish-oval, acute, a little acuminated, horizontal, nerves 
conspicuous, regularly dentated, of a dull green ; bud elongate, 
scales greenish ; flower terminal, large, white, single, eight petals, 
a few stamens in the centre ; it differs very little from the C. alha 
simplex. — Beautiful. 

*4. C. Axillaris. — Le^aves oblong, glabrous, flat, coriaceous, den- 
tated at the summit ; the superior almost entire ; flower of a yel- 
lowish white. This plant appears to us to be rather a Gardenia than 
Camellia ; it requires much heat to grow well. 

5. C. AnemoncBjlora, Alba plena. — Leaves medium, of the color 
and size of those of the C, Pomponia plena. A vigorous shrub ; 
bud very large, depressed at the summit, and almost round ; scales 

* The French line is the fwelth part of an inch. 



46 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

green and shining ; flower full, very large, four and a lialf inches 
in diameter, of a dazzling snow while ; exterior petals large, folia- 
ceous revolute, sometimes spotted with red at the claws, and irregu- 
larly arranged ; those of the interior rows, long, erect, cut in a lig- 
ulate manner, united and compressed into a large flattened ball, in 
the middle of which are confounded a few sterile and almost invisi- 
ble stamens. — StipiTb. 

6. Camellia, Ancmoncrjiura, ^Van•ata* carnca. — Leaves one inch 
and seven lines broad, and three inches three lines long, elongated- 
oval, a little acute ; form and color of the ^Vilba^lcksiana ; bud 
small, scales green ; flower white, double, small, resembling much 
the little flower of the Pomponia, improperly called carnation, for 
there is no tint of flesh color in this flower. — Pretty. 

7. C. CaruUcUssima. — Leaves small, one inch and seven lines 
broad, and three inches two lines long, elliptical, or elongated-oval, 
acute, horizontal, flat, thick, glossy, very finely dentated, of a pale 
green, often spotted yellow ; a shrub of a pretty appearance, vigo- 
rous ; bud oval, quite large before bursting into bloom, scales light 
green ; flower very large, four inches or ihore in diameter, full, of a 
very pure white, petals regularly imbricated, and resemble, very 
much, those of the double white Camellia, and are in number from 
seventy to seventyfive, broad, a little crenated at the summit, and 
diminish in width in proportion as they approach towards the centre. 
— Magnijiccnt. 

8. C. Compacta. — Leaves oval, acute, very finely dentated, re- 
sembling those of the C Piconite flora, but of a duller green ; 
surface dotted ; bud oblong, small, scales gieen ; flower small, four- 
teen lines in diameter, double, of a very pure white ; petals, of the 
three exterior rows, firm, perfect, well imbricated ; those of the 
centre numerous, small, erect, fasciculate, regular, in the form of a 
lance head, and intermi.xed with some fertile stamens. — Sitperh. 

9. C. Curvatheafulia. — Leaves like those of tea, three inches 
long, and two broad, very acute, the summit singularly recurved, in 
the form of a hook, nerves apparent, not numerous ; flower white, 
regular, very double, three and a half inches in diameter; petals 
disposed in a regular roseate, of a very pure white : those of the cir- 
cumference emarginate, slightly sinuous ; those of the centre irreg- 
ular and a little tortuous. — Superb. 

* This name is often written Wartitah. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 47 

*10. C. Euryoides. — Branches slender ; stock pyramidal ; leaves 
small, ovate-lanceolate, concave, dentated pretty deeply ; flower 
small, single, white, a little fragrant. 

11. C. Excelsa. — Leaves eighteen lines broad and three inches 
long, oval, acute, form and disposition like those of the C. Compac- 
ta, and of a deep green ; bud of a medium size, scales green ; 
flower white, double, three inches in diameter ; exterior petals large, 
rather numerous, regularly arranged; those of the centre small, 
cordiform ; a few short stamens, with pale, yellow anthers. — Very 
beautiful. 

12. C. Fimbriata. — The leaves exactly like those of the C. Al- 
ha ; but a less vigorous shrub ; bud large, rounded, scales of a dark 
yellow ; flower three and a half inches in diameter, full, depressed ; 
petals gracefully imbricated, dentated, or mucranated at their supe- 
rior limb. — Superb. 

13. C. Gallica alba. — A very vigorous shrub, the young shoots 
green ; leaves ovate-oblong, finely dentated and considerably acu- 
minated ; bud oval, pointed, scales green ; flower large, three inches 
and three lines in diameter, semi-double, of a milk white ; the pe- 
tals of the circumference broad, rounded, and cordiform ; those of 
the middle much smaller, elongate, crenated in the heart, and in- 
termixed with stamens. — Vei'y beautiful, 

14. C. Granclli. — Leaves of a medium size, oval, acute, of a 
deep green, glossy ; bud pointed, scales green ; flower irregular, 
pretty large, three inches in diameter, double white. — Pretty. 

15. C. Kissy. — Leaves lanceolate, not very firm, of a dirty green, 
and resemble a little those of the C. Sassanqua simple, but less, 
and more acuminated ; flower small, white, single, a little fragrant. 

16. C. iac^eoZa. ^-Leaves two inches broad and three long, well 
arranged, roundish-oval, a little obtuse, very finely dentated, of an 
obscure green ; a well formed shrub ; bud large, oblong, scales yel- 
lowish, with a black border ; flower large, three inches in diameter, 
semi-double, of a pure white ; exterior petal revolute ; those of the 
centre erect, a little rumpled, and intermixed with sterile stamens. 
— Superb. 

17. C Nivea. — Branches short and slim; leaves small, oval, re- 
curved ; nerves quite distinct ; flower irregular, semi-double, large, 
white. — Very beautiful. 

18. C. Nobilissima. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and 



48 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

three inches and eight lines long, roundish-oval, a little acute, much 
dentated, and of a beautiful green, bud oval, obtuse, scales yellow- 
ish; flowers large, three inches in diameter, full white; exterior 
petals large, numerous and recurved ; those of the interior smaller, 
crowded, rumpled ; in appearance like the Pomponia. — Su2)erb. 

*19. C. Oleifera. — A very tall shrub, pyramidal ; leaves ovate- 
oblong, slightly crenate, flat ; flowers biternate, white, single, rather 
large. From the fruit of this shrub, the Chinese extract an oil of a 
sweet odor, with which they perfume their apartments. 

*20. C. Oleoifolia latifolia — Leaves oblong almost sessile, a lit- 
tle inflexed, unequally dentated ; bud small, oval, a little downy, 
scales yellowish ; flower single, white, of a medium size ; the cen- 
tre is a little yellow and open.' 

21. C. Fahncrii alba, or C. Pomponia semi-plena. — A very vigor- 
oiis shrub ; grows to the height of from fifteen to twenty feet, and 
of a very elegant appearance ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, a little acu- 
minated, often recurved at both extremities ; nerves a little salient, 
smooth, finely deptated, form, color, and size of those of Pomponia 
plena; buds large, rounded, scales of a light green; flower very 
largfe, very nearly four inches in diameter, semi-double, regular, of 
a brilliant white, often having a portion of its petals considerably 
striped with rose, beginning at the claw, and expanding and be- 
coming more faint towards the summit ; stamens numerous, disposed 
in a fascicle, at the centre of the flower. — Magnificent. 

22. Pomponia plena. — Leaves ova!, elongate, very acute, smooth 
near extremities, recurved downwards, finely dentated, of a dull 
green, two inches broad and three long ; some of them of larger 
size; a vigorous shrub, branches diff'use, and disposed to shoot out 
in all directions, without order, if they are not regulated by prun- 
ing ; buds large, rounded, scales green ; flower very large, four and 
a half inches in diameter, full and of a pure white. The petals of 
the circumference are flat or undulating, those of the centre are con- 
cave, white, at the claw red, with sometimes shades of light yellow. 
This beautiful variety, is not uniform in the color of its flowers, for 
often there are seen on the same plant, red, rose, and white. — Mag- 
nificent. 

23. C. RoUssoni. — Leaves an inch and a half wide, and two and 
a half long, roundish oval, a little pointed, horizontal, neYves con- 
spicuous, finely dentated, of an obscure green ; bud obtuse, scales 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 4i 

whitish ; flower of a medium size, double, of a milk white, and hand- 
some form; exterior petals disposed in several rows, crenaled at the 
summit ; those of the circumference are fringed, all are imbricate, 
and turned back regularly upon the calyx, as in the C Exceha. 
The centre is composed of stamens which are nearly all petaloid, 
with a yellowish heart. 

*2A. C. Sassanqua. — A shrub with open branches, which are 
reddish and villous when young ; leaves one inch broad and three 
long, alternate, oval, obtusely dentated, emarginate, thick, and of a 
dull green ; flower small, single, composed of five petals, of a beau- 
tiful white, sessile, terminal. 

25. C. Splendidissima Berl. — A shrub about three feet high, vigor- 
ous, pyramidal; leaves three and a half inches broad, and four and 
a half long, oval, rounded, almost cordiform ; nerves numerous and 
apparent, slightly dentated, glossy and of a deep green ; buds large, 
oval, obtuse, of the form of the old double white camellia, scales 
greenish ; flower four inches in diameter, full, white ; corolla very 
near the form of C. Colvilii ; petals of the periphery, broad, numer- 
ous, reflexed, undulate, irregular, a little lacinnated on the border, 
and of a pure white; those of the interior are more erect, elongate, 
numerous, very compact, curled, as well as those of the circumfer- 
ence, and of a less brilliant white. No apparent sexual organs. This 
beautiful variety, was obtained by us from the seed. Four journals, 
the Constitution^ the Times, the Debates, and the Journal of Paris, 
alluded, in March 1835, to the beauty of its flowers. See the des- 
cription which has been given of it, in the Annals of the Horticul- 
tural Society of Paris. C. Spoffortiana. See the first gamut, 
striped- bicolors, first division. 

26. Veymaria. — Leaves small, like those of Pomponia plena ; bud 
rather large, scales green ; flower three and a half inches in diame- 
ter, white semi-double, form, that of the Po^nponia scmi-jjlena ; 
there is a little of a rose, tint in the ground color. 

27. C. Wilbanksiana, ox heptangularis. — Leaves one inch and 
eight lines broad, and three long, oval, lanceolate, a little acumina- 
ted, reflexed, slightly dentated, some of them elliptical, smooth, of a 
yellowish green, glossy; bud spherical, scales blackish; flower 
white, double, four inches in diameter, irregular, petals of the first 
row, broad, crenated at the summit, grouped in the centre, in a man- 
ner to imitate the union of several flowers, which are contained in a 

7 



60 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

common calyx; those of the interior, are smaller, erect, rumpled, 
reflexed, intermingled with stamens. — Superb. 

FIRST GAMUT. 

UNICOLORS. 

FLOWERS, CLEAR ROSE. 

Dominant color. — Lake mixed with more or less vermilion and 
Naples yellow, as in Nos. 2, 3, and 4 of the colored table. . 

28. C. Aitonia. — Leaves two and a half inches broad, and three 
and a half long, often larger, ovate, oblong, rather near, regularly 
dentated, thick, nerved, glossy, reflex, of a deep green, bud very 
large, acute oval, scales green ; flower very large, four and a half 
inches in diameter, and often bigger, single, rose. No. 3, in winter, 
and cherry-red No. 1, in the spring. This Camellia, where it is a 
little vigorous, fructifies abundantly every year ; its fruit resembles 
almost exactly, the reinette apple. — Superb. 

29. C. Amplissiina. — We are assured it is the same as the Aito- 
nia. 

30. C. Apollina. — A vigorous shrub, filled with numerous spread- 
ing branches ; leaves two and a half inches broad, and three and a 
half long, roundish oval, subcordiform, of a green, almost black, 
nerves numerous and apparent; flower large, three inches in diame- 
ter, full, of a delicate rose. No. 2 ; petals of the circumference round- 
ed and entire, those of the centre, distorted, crenate, and depressed. 
— Superb. 

31. C. Colored. — Leaves medium, roundish oval, a little acumi- 
nated, and slightly dentated ; flower very large, single, regular, 
rose, No. 4; petals rather broad, considerably elongated, erect, much 
crenated at the summit. — Pretty. 

32. C. Crouyoud [Lord.) — Leaves about two and a half inches 
broad, and four long, much dentated, reflex, spotted with yellow ; 
flower about five inches in diameter, semi-double, delicate rose. No. 
4; petals of the circumference two inches broad, rounded and cre- 
nate at the summit, shades of rose and cherry red ; those of the cen- 
tre small, crowned, reflex, and striped with red. — Very beautiful. 

33. C. Dahlimjlora. — Leaves deformed, some of them'elliptical, 
a little obtuse, others lanceolate, acute; narrow, undulated, wrink- 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 51 

led, and irregular, sabre or scythe form, of a greyish green ; bud 
pointed, scales green; flower semi-double, depressed, two and a half 
inches in diameter, rose, No. 3; form of that of C. Spectabilis. — 
Very pretty. 

34. C. Erpansa. — Leaves very like those of C Pinck, obtuse- 
oval, much nerved, irregularly dentated ; bud of a medium size, 
scales blackish ; flower medium, irregular, semi-double, rose, No. 3 ; 
petals of the circumference broad and cyothiform, those of the cen- 
tre narrow, in two rows, and crenate at the summit; some of the 
stamens in part transformed into irregular petals, red, and striped 
with white. — Produces seed freely . 

35. C. Fasciculata, — A vigorous shrub, and pleasing form ; leaves 
one inch and eight lines broad, and three and a half long, elongate- 
oval, close, much acuminated, slightly dentated, of a glossy green ; 
bud oblong, large, scales greenish, often bordered with black ; 
flower from two and a half to three inches in diameter, color rose. 
No. 3; petals broad, handsomely arranged, sometimes striped with 
white ; some stamens in the centre. — Very handsome. 

36. C. Gussonia. — Leaves two inches and three lines broad, and 
three inches five lines long, roundish oval, a little acuminated, erect, 
with nerves slightly expressed, of a dull green; bud rather large, a little 
pointed, scales green at the summit ; flower four and a half inches in 
diameter, semi-double, rose, No. 3; exterior petals very broad, reflex, 
displayed regularly, interior smaller, erect, arranged in a rose form. 
— Superb. 

37. C. lletcrophylla vera. — Foliage like that of C. Paeoniajflo- 
ra; flower medium, regular, flat, double, rose, No. 4 ; elevated in 
the centre ; petals of the circumference in two rows, broad, im- 
bricate, elongate-oval, a little crenated, expanded, those of the inte- 
rior narrow, short, not numerous, whitish, showing indications of 
stamens. — Passable. 

38. C. Leindlega. — Leaves of a medium size, roundish-oval, hor- 
rizontal, of a pale green ; bud large, depressed at the summit, scales 
green ; flower large, four inches in diameter, semi-double, of a clear 
rose. No. 2; petals broad, not numerous, crenated much at the sum- 
rait, rounded and reflex, those of the centre, small, rumpled. — <S'«- 
perb. 

39. C. PcBonicpJlora rosea, or rubra. — Leaves two inches broad, 
and two inches eleven lines long, and often of larger diraensinos, 



62 MONOGRAPHT OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

elongate-oval, acuminate, glossy, a little dentated, of a delicate 
green ; a vigorous shrub, has a tendency to extend its branches and 
requires to be pruned every three or four years, to give it a graceful 
form; bud large, rounded, scales green ; flower full, four inches in 
diameter, and sometimes larger, of a lively rose, No. 4, often of a 
cherry red. No. 2; petals of the circumference rounded, broad; 
those of the centre rolled in the form of a cornet, numerous, narrow, 
close, erect, rather long, and form a sphere, a little depressed. — Su- 
perb. 

40. C. PiJick. — Leaves two inches broad, and two and. a half 
long, roundish-oval, some of them elongate, a little dentated, and 
very like those of the C. Pseoniseflora; b-id small, scales blackish ; 
flower regular, of a medium size, semi-double, of a clear rose, No. 
4 ; petals thick, considerably imbricated. This Camellia is often 
used as a stock, for grafting other varieties upon. 

41. C. Pcrlc dcs Camellia. — Leaves two inches broad, and three 
long, ovate-lanceolate, of a pale green ; flower of a medium size, 
double, of a pretty rose. No. 4; form, color and disposition of the 
petals like those of the Camellia Pteoniyuflora rosea. — Handsome. 

42. C. Pukherrima, or Rollcni. — A vigorous shrub ; leaves two 
and a half inches broad, and four long, ovate-lanceolate, much a- 
cuminated and veined, finely dentated ; bud oval, oblong, scales caly- 
cinal, pale green ; flower five inches in diameter, double, clear rose. 
No- 4 : petals of the circumference, in four rows,'not very numerous, 
but regurlarly imbricated, broad, round, deeply crenate at the sum- 

' mit, clear rose, shaded with carmine from the claw to the limb; 
those of the middle in five or six rows, of from eight to ten lines 
lonof, and four or five broad, some only rose, others striped or spot- 
ted with white, always intermingled with stamens, which are gene- 
rally sterile ; borders a little distorted. — Magnijicent. 

43. C. Rosea plena. — Leaves elongate, flat, recurved, nerves 
conspicuous, and much dentated ; bud obtuse, rather large, scales 
greenish ; flowers three inches in diameter, double, rose. No. 3 ; ar- 
ranged, from two to three at the extremities of the branches. — Very 
handsome. 

44. C. iJoseana.— Leaves one inch and a half broad, and two 
and a half long, horizontal, roundish oval, a little acute, very finely 
dentated; form, color, and dimensions of the C. Speciosazcfa; flow- 
er large, full, irregular, of the pale red, inclining to rose. No. 4 ; pe- 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 53 

talsof the circumference ample, reflex, and slightly crenated ; those 
of the centre small, erect, border reflex, some longer, rumpled, and 
produce a beautiful effect. — Superb. 

45. C. Resplcndens. — A shrub of a vigorous vegetation; leaves 
enlarged at their base, abruptly recurved at their summit, two and 
a half inches broad, and three long, glossy, nerved ; flower of a bril- 
liant rose, No. 4 ; three and a half inches in diameter, double ; the 
exterior petals have their edges free, entire, emarginate in the mid- 
dle, sixteen lines broad ; within the third row, the edges of the pe- 
tals become irregularly sinuous, festooned ; they are regularly arrang- 
ed ; the interior forms a kind of cup. — Charming. 

46. C. Sinensis rosea. — Leaves smaller than those of C. Rosa 
sinensis, but alike in form, color and nerves ; bud elongated and 
pointed ; flower two and a half inches in diameter, often more, 'dou- 
ble, rose. No. 3; petals of the circumference bent down, broad, a 
little reflex externally, and notched at the summit, the others small- 
er, rumpled, forming an irregular centre. — Handsome. 

47. C. Spectabilis. — Leaves large, often of the color and form of 
those of the single red Camellia, or those of Varicgata plena; buds 
with greenish scales; flower three inches in diameter, double, rose 
color. No. 4 ; exterior petals regularly arranged in three rows, broad, 
sometimes spotted with white; those of the centre swollen, folded 
upon the ovary, twisted, mixed with some stamens and often striped 
with white. — Very handsome. 

This Camellia, which was obtained from the seed in Paris, has 
long been called C. Celsiana. The English have sent it to us under 
ihe name oi G. Spectabilis. In Paris it is also known under the 
name of C. Lutctiana. 

*^Q. C. Sassanqua rosea plena, or multijlora. — We regard this 
Camellia as a distinct species. Its leaves are small, oval, acumi- 
nate, and of a brownish green, resembling much the color of green 
tea; bud oval, obtuse, scales green ; flower small, full, petals curled, 
or twisted, of a clear or deep rose, according to the season of its 
florescence. This flower much resembles a little pompon rose ; 
sometimes the centre is white, and the circumference of a pale rose. 
To make this Camellia bloom abundantly it must be pruned very 
short, once in two years. — Charming. 

49, C, Theresiana. — Leaves elongated ; form, color, and size of 
those of C Pomponia plena ; flower large, double, irregular, and of 



54 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

rose color, No. 3, like that of C. Pomponia plena, when this passes 
to pale rose. — Superb. 

50. C. Venosa. — Leaves very much resembling those of the pre- 
ceding; flower from two and a half to three inches in diameter, 
double, rose color, No. 3 ; petals broad, slightly veined, with a pale 
rose, like those af Pomponia rosea, or of C. Theresiana, from which 
C. Venosa differs very little. — Very pretty. 

51. C. Wdbrohamia. — Leaves two inches broad, and three long, 
oval, elongate, almost flat, much dentated, of a deep green; bud ob- 
long, scales green ; flower three inches in diameter, double, delicate 
rose, No. 2; exterior petals not very numerous, but well arranged, 
some of them spotted ; those of the centre smaller, intermingled with 
abortive stamens ; the form like that of C. Fasciculata nova. — 
Charming. 

52. Virginica. — Leaves small, oblong, lanceolate, one inch and 
two lines broad, and two inches three lines long, much veined ; 
nerves prominent, of a brownish and glossy green; bud oblong, scales 
green; flower three inches in diameter, full, of a delicate rose, 
scarcely deeper than in the flower of C. Wilbroliamia and like that 
of the PcEni(eJlora ; having two rows of rather large petals in the 
circumference; those of the middle small, short, twisted, tufted, 
— Very beautiful. 

53. C Wiltonia. — Leaves of a medium size, a little elongated ; 
bud small, pointed ; flower rather small, double, of a rose color, No. 
4; sometimes passing to cherry-red, No. 1 ; and often striped with 
white ; petals in two rows, imbricate, bent down, those of the cen- 
tre small, twisted, erect, often intermixed with stamens, or present- 
ing in the middle the pistils alone, being deficient of all the male 
organs. — Passable. 

FIRSTGAMUT,. 

UNICOLORS. 

CLEAR CHERRY -RED. 

Dominant color. Carmine-Lake, mixed with rose lake and ver- 
milion, as in Nos. I, 2 and 3 of the colored table. 

54. Camellia Aucubcefolia. — Leaves two and one half inches 
broad and four and one half long, ovate, oblong, very acuminate, 
and very conspicuous nerves, of a deep green and striped, or spot- 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 55 

ted with yellow, like the Aucuba Japonica ; bud oblong, scales ca- 
lycinal, greenish ; flower three inches in diameter, double, well dis- 
played, color cherry-red, No. 1 ; and very near the form of that of 
■C. Coccinea. — Verv beautiful. 

55. C. Amerstia. — Leaves one inch and ten lines broad and three 
inches long, elongated, oval, acuminate, finely dentated ; bud of 
medium size, scales yellowish, flower of medium size, double, of a 
carmine rose, or cherry-red, No 1. — Pretty. 

56. C. Amaena. — Stock erect, branches straight, leaves ovate, 
oblong, slightly dentated ; flower a little double, color, cherry-red, 
No. 2 ; petals of the circumference regularly arranged, those of the 
centre irregular and shorter. The flowers assume very much the 
form of a shuttle-cock. — Handsome. 

57. C. Augusta. — Leaves rather large, a little curled, finely den- 
tated, multi-nerved, of an obscure green ; bud oblong, acute, scales 
calycinal and green ; flower of a medium size, irregular, double, of 
a beautiful cherry red, No. 3 ; petals elongate, erect, and slightly 
crenate at the summit ; those of the centre entire, acuminate and 
irregularly disposed — Pretty. 

58. C. Aluntii supcrba, or Almets superba — A shrub of an 
agreeable port; leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a 
half long, roundish, oval, reclined and rolled downwards, nerves 
strongly marked ; but quite plump, oblong, scales yellowish, flower 
about three inches in diameter, double, of a cherry-red. No. 2 ; 
petals quite regular, not numerous, and much imbricated, forming a 
pretty rosette. — Very handsome. 

59. C. JBuckliana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three 
inches two lines long, roundish, oval, a little acuminate, the borders 
rather deeply dentated, and of a deep green ; flower full, two and a 
half inches in diameter ; petals of the circumference in three rows, 
broad, of a cherry-red. No. 1 ; those of the centre, numerous, smal- 
ler, unequal compact, well arranged, of a delicate rose, sometimes 
striped with white, and occasionally pure rose. — Very beautiful. 

60. C. Belle Rosalie. — Leaves curled, slightly acuminate, nerves 
very opponent ; bud large, oval, scales yellowish ; flower large, three 
and a half inches in diameter, semi-double, of a carmine red, No. 2 ; 
petals broad, in number 25 to 30, mixed with many stamens, petals 
sometimes appear in the middle, rolled spirally in the form of a 
helix. — Passable. 



fiC MONOGRAPHY OF THE GKNUS CAMELLIA. 

61. C. Brooksiana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and two 
inches and two lines long, roundish, oval, almost cordiform, hor- 
izontal, sometimes spotted with yellow, nerves conspicuous and of 
an obscure green ; bud large, oblong, scales green at the base of 
the calyx and whitish at the summit ; flower of a medium size, two 
and a half inches in diameter, semi-double, at first rose, and pass- 
i ng immediately to cherry-red. No. 2 ; petals broad, not numerous, 
displayed gracefully; flower of the form of that of C roides Pays- 
Has ; a iaw stamens in the centre. — Handsome. 

63. C. Belle Henriette. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, lance- 
olate, a little spotted on the superior surface, of a deep green ; bud 
with yellowish scales ; flower double, two and a half inches in di- 
ameter, often larger, cherry-red. No. 3 ; petals well arranged, im- 
bricated and rather numerous. — Handsome. 

63. C. Berlesiana rubra. — Leaves of a medium size, like those 
of C. Rubra simplex, but of a deeper green ; bud oval, acute, quite 
plump, scales brown ; flower of medium size, double, of a beauti- 
ful cherry-red. No. 4 ; form regular, and a little arched or dome 
form ; petals roundish and slightly rumpled. 

The Horticultural Society, of Paris, has dedicated this pretty va- 
riety to the author, who obtained it trom the seed, in 1831. 

64. C. Blanda. — Leaves si.xteen lines wide and three inches 
long, roundish, oval, more narrow at the summit, flat, very finely 
dentated, rather thick, of a dirty green ; flower tolerably large, full, 
of a cherry-red. No. 3; petals of the circumference broad, expand- 
ed, crenated at the summit, sometimes striped with white; those of 
the centre small and united in a fascicle. — Very beautiful. 

65. Boumanni. — Leaves roundish, oval, like those of C. Pincic, 
but almost flat, and of a greyish green ; bud with blackish scales ; 
flower large, double, of a cherry-red, No. 3; which becomes deep- 
er, as it expands; exterior petals arranged in several rows, imbri- 
cated ; those of the centre small and a little twisted. — Very beauti- 
ful. 

6o. C. Crassinervia. — Leaves large, ovate-lanceolate, strongly 
nerved, of an obscure green ; wood vigorous; bud large, scales yel- 
lowish ; flower of a medium size, very double, irregular, cherry- 
red, No. 3, sometimes of a clear red, slightly marked with white ; 
petals generally roundish, and crenated at the summit ; those of the 
centre rumpled, and deformed ; stamens sometimes apparent, and 
at others demi-transformed. — Beautiful. 



MONOCRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. ft? 

67. C. Cliviana. — Leaves two inches two lines wide and three and 
a half long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, near, numerous, much dentat- 
ed, erect and of a muddy green ; bud very large, oval, obtuse, scales 
green ; sepals brown at the base and yellowish at the summit ; 
flower very large, four and a half inciies in diameter, double, cup- 
form, sometimes rose. No. 4, ai>d often of a cherry-red, No 2, 
more or less brilliant, according to the season. The petals of the 
first row, are six in number, eighteen lines broad and twenty four 
long, concave or channelled, forming a star and crenated at the sum- 
mit ; t'lose of the next rows, long, oval, acute, and affecting the 
same disposition; those of the centre, swollen and tufted as in the 
Anemonseflora, and forming an elevated and irregular heart, about 
one inch and a half in diameter; some of these last are striped 
with white. — Magnijicnit. 

C8. C. Chamlerii. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three 
and a half long, oval, a little acute, oblong, acuminate, finely den- 
tate ; bud roundish — oval, scales green ; flower large, double, reg- 
ular, of a cherry-red, No. 3 ; petals imbricated and rounded at the 
summit ; stamens in part demi-lransfbrmed. — Veri/ handsome. 

69. C. Conchiforn. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a 
half long, oval, and little acute, reclined, numerous, of a pale green ; 
bud small, scales green ; flower two and a half inches in diameter, 
of a cherry red, No. 3, regular; petals sometimes marked with white, 
like those of C. Coccinea, and spirally arranged. — licautiful. 

70. C. Conchijlura nova. — Leaves roundish — oval, of a medium 
size and pale green ; nerves stout and prominent ; flower of a me- 
dium size, semi-double ; fifteen to twenty petals of a cherry red, 
iVo. 4 ; petals almost entire, unequal, irregular and elongate. — 
Pretty. 

7L C. Cramoisina Pavientieri. — Leaves two and a half inches 
wide and about four long, a little acuminated, inclined towards the 
stock, reflex very like thQse of the C. Althece flora, finely dentated, 
almost flat : bud of medium size, oblong, scales green ; flower large, 
double, cherry-red, No. 2; exterior petals six, broad, crenate at the 
summit ; the others tufted, numerous, arranged in fascicles, leaning 
upon each other, striped with white at their summit and form a reg- 
liar ball ; corolla very near the form and size of the Anemonaeflora. 
-- Very beautiful. 

72. C. Celsisaua. Leaves large, lanceolate ; dispersed, curled io- 
8 



58 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

ward; bud large, oblong, acute ; flower single, red, large. There 
is in Paris, under this name, another Camellia^ which is double, of 
a rose color, and very beautiful. The English have sent it to us un- 
der the name o( spectabilis. — See this name. 

73. C Charles Auguste. — Leaves two inches wide and three long, 
roundish oval, nerves very apparent, of a muddy green ; bud elong- 
ated, scales green ; flower three inches in diameter, semi-double, of 
a beautiful cherry-red, No. 3, well formed ; petals broad, rounded, 
warbled, or rather spotted with white ; those of the first row of the 
circumference, are reflexed upon the calyx with regularity ; the 
others elevated and curled ; a ievi stamens in the centre. — Superb. 

74. C Conchata. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a half 
long, reflected at the summit, strongly nerved, of a deep green ; bud 
elongate ; flower rather large, double, of a delicate rose, sometimes 
of a vivid red. — Passable. 

75. C. Colla. — Quite a vigorous shrub ; branches slim ; leaves 
medium, resembling a little those of Camellia Rubra simplex ; 
flower double, medium, well formed, of a handsome cherry-red. — 
Pretty. 

76. C. Carolus. — Leaves two inches and three lines wide and 
three inches long, roundish-oval, much veined, nerves conspicuous ; 
bud oval, depressed at the summit, scales green ; flower small, al- 
most double, of a cherry-red, No. 1, of a pretty form, — Distin- 
guished. 

77. C. Camptoniana. — Leaves small, one inch and a half wide 
and two inches seven lines long, roundish-oval, a little acute, nu- 
merous, near, elevated, of an obscure green, bud oval, scales yel- 
lowish ; flower medium, semi-double, regular, at first, rose. No. 4, 
and then clear cherry-red ; corolla well formed ; some stamens in 
the centre. — Ver^j Pretty. 

78. C Decora. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three and 
a half long, obtuse-oval, almost round, dentated, a little veined, of 
an obscure green, very glossy ; bud very large, scales whitish at 
the summit and dark yellow at the base of the calyx ; flower four 
and a half inches in diameter, double, cherry-red. No. 3 ; petals of 
the exterior in three rows, almost two inches broad, reflex, festooned, 
crenated rather deeply at the surnmit ; those of the interior small, 
rumpled, short, forming a large centre and containrng some con- 
cealed stamens; flower depressed, like that of C. ElegansChand- 
\&n\.^'MagniJ,ceKt. 



MONOGRAPHV OF THE fiENUS CAMELMA. 59 

79. C. Dorsetii or Parthoniana. — Leaves large, ovate, lanceo- 
late, very acuminate, flat, near together, of a handsome shining 
green; sometimes spotted with yellow: bud very larje, rounded; 
scales of a yellowish green, flower very large, nearly five inches in 
diameter, very full, of a pale cherry-red, No. 1 ; mixed with several 
shades of rose, or white ; petals large, close, imbricated, irregular, 
numerous; those of the centre smaller, arranged without order, 
marked with red and white spots. This flower, which is of a ro- 
sette form, blooms with difficulty. — Magnijice.nt. 

SO. C. Dionthijlura, Cariophyllcefiora, Kiiighti't, or Carnation 
toarrata; it is the same as the C. Knightii. 

81. C. Excdsiana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three 
and a half long, oval, acuminate, a little carmined, nerves very salient, 
of a deep green ; bud oval, acute, scales green ; flower from two 
and a half to three inches in diameter, double, of a cherry-red, No. 
3;. petals reflex, not numerous; those of the circumference rather 
broad, those of the centre small, rumpled, confused, and intermin- 
gled with stamens. — Passable. 

82. C. Exoniensis. — Branches short, leaves of a medium size, 
roundish, oval, acuminate, a little carmined, thick, deeply dentated, 
almost all curled, or undulating and reflexed, nerves small, of a 
deep green ; bud elongated like that of C. Variegata plena ; scales 
calycinal, at first green, and then blackish ; flower in the form of a 
rose, very lar-^e, four inches in diameter, double, of a pretty cherry- 
red. No. 2, which changes gradually from the delicate to the vi- 
vid ; petals well arranged, broad, erect, and distorted ; those of the 
centre a little rumpled, arid striped with white ; a few stamens 
which are nearly all abortive and in the petaloid state. — Superb. 

83. C. Elegans Cliandlerii. — Leaves large, two inches broad 
and four long, ovate, lanceolate, nerves not very apparent, much 
dentated, and of a dirty green ; bud large, rounded, scales green- 
ish ; flower very large, very double, of a cherry -red. No. 2 ; three 
inches and ten lines in diameter, and somtimes more ; petals of the 
exterior, to the number of twenty, large, oval, red, veined with 
rose, and often spotted with white ; tliose of the interior rows, to 
the number of from 140 to 1(50, long, narrow, numerous, arranged 
in fascicles, striped with rose, which united form a depressed sphere. 
— Magnificent. 

84. C. Elcgantissima. — Leaves a little crenated on the border 



60 MONOGRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

summit very acute ; some of tliem a little warped, or u-ndulating, of 
a deep green, very glossy ; flower full, three and a half inches in 
diameter, of a handsome cherry. No I ; sometimes of a rose tint, 
shaded with carmine ; petals of the circumference in two rows, 
large, imbricated, and form a regular cup ; those of the centre nu- 
merous, folded like a demi-cornet, compact and even, affording to- 
gether, a very rich group and of a pleasing form. There is another 
Camellia under this name, the ground of which is white, striped 
with red. See this name at the end. — Very handsome. 

85. C. Elcgans. — Shrub vigorouf, branches numerous, erect ; 
Jeaves broad, deeply deniated, terminated by a long point, borders 
rolled back ; bud acute ; scales blackish ; flower large, single, of 
an ordinary cherry-red ; petals veined with purple, and rather deep- 
ly notched at the summit. There is another variety, of this name, 
with a double flower, which is very handsome. 

80. C. Empereur cV Austrichc. — Leaves very large, oval, dentate, 
of an obscure green; nerves very salient; bud large, oval, with 
greenish scales at the base, and white at the summit ; flowers three 
inches in diameter, double, of a cherry-red. No. 3, on blooming, 
and more clear afterwards ; petals recurved, equally imbricated, a 
few in the centre, small, curled, marked wich white and intermixed 
with stamens, which are unequal in height. — Very handsome. 

87. C. Florida. — Leaves of a medium size, near, roundish-oval, 
recurved, finely dentated ; bud large, scales blctckish; flower three 
inches in diameter, full, regular, of a cherry-red. No. 2, petals 
handsomely imbricated, slightly crenatcd at the summit ; those of 
the centre in the form of a cockle shell, often only half developed, 
which has occasioned the name of bird's nest to be sometimes given 
to this variety. (C. Nidus ovis.) — Superb. 

83. C. Fascicularis. — Leaves pretty large, oval-elongate, deeply 
dentated, handsomely veined, of various sizes and of a deep green ; 
flower small, regular, of a cherry-red. No. 2. ; petals bifid, hand- 
somely imbricated, arranged in three rowji, and a little recurved ; 
some of them marked with a white spot ; stamens abortive or peta- 
loid, united in a fascicle around the styles, which sometimes appear 
in that form. — Pretty. 

89. C. Flaccida. — Leaves rather large, handsomely arranged, of 
a beautiful green, shrub gracefully formed ; fiower single, red, not 
remarkable. 



MONOGRAPIIY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. \ 61 

90. C. Fordii. — Shrub vigorous ; gracefully branched ; leaves 
two and a quarter inches broad and three long, ovate-acuminate, near, 
shining, of a deep green ; flower broad, very double, regular, clear 
cherry, No. 3, three inches in diameter ; petals imbricated ; large, 
crenated at the summit, and arranged near each other with admira- 
ble symmetry. — Superb. 

91. C. Fulgcnthsima. — Leaves two inches broad and three long, 
horizontal, very acuminated, and of a delicate green; somewhat 
large, rounded ; flower double, very large, three and a half inches 
in diameter, of a cherry-red, No. 3 ; exterior petals in three rows, 
broad; those of the middle long, narrow, near, slit into narrow 
strips, crowded, arranged in a curved line, striped with white and 
ntermixed with stamens ; this flower resembles that of C. Cliniana. 
— Superb. 

92. C. Formosa. — Leaves two inches broad and three and a half 
long, with very conspicuous nerves, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, 
of a shining green ; bud ovate-oblong, with greenish scales; flower 
very large, double, of a beautiful clear cherry-red. No. 1 ; form ele- 
gant. — Superb. 

93. C. Formosissiina. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and 
three long, ovate-oblong, some obtuse, others lanceolate, horizontal, 
thick, multinerved, of a dark green; bud obtuse, with greenish 
scales; flower full, three inches in diameter, of a clear rose-lake 
color at first, and afterward cherry-red, No. 3 ; petals of the cir- 
cumference in three rows, broad, much crenated, reflexed upon the 
calyx ; the others smaller, narrow, erect, numerous, irregularly ar- 
ranged. — Superb. 

94. C. Fraseri. — Leaves oval, a little acuminate, recurved, 
nerves prominent, deeply dentated, of a dull green ; flower large, 
full, of a brilliant red. — Magnificent. 

95. C. Gigantea. — Shrub vigorous, of a magnificent appear- 
■ ance; leaves large, three and a half wide and four and a half long, 

ovate, lanceolate, slightly acuminate, firm, thick, deeply dentated, 
of a dull green ; bud oval, obtuse, as large as a pigeon's Ggs,, be- 
fore it blooms, scales green ; flower four and a half inches in diam- 
eter, very double, of a pale red, sometimes rose, and opens with con- 
siderable difficuliy ; exterior petals very numerous, arranged in three 
rows ; those of the centre short, less numerous, broad and imbri- 
cated in a ro.sette, whitish, intermingled with stamens. — Superb. 



62 MONOGRAPliy OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA- 

96. C. Grandrflora simplex. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, 
lanceolate, form and color of those of the single red Camellia ; bud 
roundish, scales green ; flower single, red, large, bears seed. Mr 
Noisette has obtained from the seed a Camellia, very like this, but 
the flower is larger. There is also a Grandijlora with double 
flowers which is very handsome. 

97. C. Gloriusa. — The branches of this shrub are slim and grey- 
ish ; leaves of a medium size, oval, acute, reflex, flat, of a beautiful 
shining green ; bud small, scales blackish ; flower two and a half 
inches in diameter, double, regular, of a beautiful cherry color, No. 
2 ; petals irregular, distorted, rumpled, spirally arranged around 
some abortive styles and stamens in the centre. — Very beautiful. 

98. C. IloUesia. — Leaves large, oblong, much dentated, a little 
elevated, of a beautiful green ; bud small, elongate ; flower pretty 
large, double, rose color, No. 2 ; the first row of the petals in the 
circumference, recurved, acuminated, imbricated distantly ; those 
of the middle small, twisted, striped with white, a few aboitive 
stamens. — Handsome. 

99. C. Husseyussoni. — Leaves two and a half inches broad, 
and three and a half long, roundish oval, a little acuminated, multi- 
nerved, a little curled, reflexed, of a rather deep green ; bud with 
green scales ; flower large, semi-double, of a cherry-red, No. I ; 
petals of the circumference arranged in two rows and rather broad ; 
those of the interior, long, narrow, erect, not nu'merous, intermixed 
with some stamens. — Pretty. 

100. C. Hosackia. — A. shrub which resembles in its port, the 
C. Rubra plena, of which it is an hybrid, and more elegant ; the 
leaves are broad and of a little deeper green ; bud oblong, large, ob- 
tuse, always green , flower more than four inches in diameter, very 
double, of a splendid scarlet color ; it blooms with regularity. — 
Very beautiful. 

10 L C. Hibbertia. — Leaves very large, thick, firm or stiff", very 
glossy, flat, and of an obscure green, some of them are curled and 
almost all are recurved upon their branches ; bud oblong, scales 
yellowish, its development very late; flower of medium size, semi- 
double, of a cherry-red, No. I ; petals large, mixed with many sta- 
mens. — Passable. 

102. C. Herbertii. — Foliage beautiful, and port very vigorous ; 
bud elongate, scales greenish ; flower rather large, semi-double, of 



MONOGRAPIIY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 63 

a cherry-red, No. 2 ; petals broad, numerous and crowded ; some 
stamens in the centre. — Passable. 

103. C. Hctcrophylla. — A robust slirub, bushy, slim, leaves 
elongate, recurved, of medium size, deformed, irregularly dentated ; 
bud long, pointed, scales greenish; flower small, semi-double, cher- 
ry-red, No. 3; .petals of the circumference in two rows, cordiform ; 
those of the interior small, elongated, curved inwards and outwards, 
sometimes spotted with white ; many fertile stamens in the centre. 
— Passable. 

104. C. Humboldtiana. — Leaves oval, acuminated, very like those 
of C. Emperor of Austria;, bud of medium size, scales green; 
flower large, double, of a cherry-red, No. 2; which changes im- 
mediately to a delicate rose; blooms abundantly and for a long 
time. — Very beautiful. 

105. C. Hybrida Colorata. — Port rather graceful ; wood of 
the branches blackish, leaves two inches wide and two inches eight 
lines long, oval, a little rolled up, point reversed, nerves salient ; 
those of the middle, especially, very distinct ; bud large, scales 
green ; flower of medium size, of a cherry-red. No. 2 ; often spot- 
ted with white, semi-double, petals erect, rounded, mixed with sta- 
mens. — Passable. 

106. C. Imbricata. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, 
ovatej leaves lanceolate, curled, undulating, finely dentated, and of 
a dull green ; bud. spherical, rather large, scales greenish ; flower 
large, perfectly round, of a cherry-red, No. 2 ; shaded with car- 
mine-lake ; petals from 70 to 75, regularly imbricated, oval, broad, 
terminating in a point at the summit ; those of the centre a little 
striped, or marked with white ; is a long time in bloom. — Magnifi- 
cent. 

107. C. Insignis alba. — Leaves oval, a little lanceolate, one 
inch and ten lines wide, and four long ; smooth, reclined, rolled up 
on the sides, and of a yellowish green ; flower large, three and a 
half inches in diameter, single, of a cherry-red, No, 3; six petals 
in the circumference, sometimes spotted with white; petaloid sta- 
mens, whitish, slightly striped, with a pale red. — Passable. 

108. C. Insignis de Tat. — Leaves two inches wide and three 
inches and four lines long, oblong, very acuminate, close, almost 
flat ; finely and regularly dentated, of an obscure green ; flower 
semi-double, two and a half inches in diameter; of a cherry-red, 



64 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

No. 4 ; petals imbricated, those of the centre small, and mixed 
with stamens. — Charming. 

109. C. Insignis rubra. — Leaves large, throe inches wide, and 
four long, roundish-oval, slightly acuminated, reflex ; bud large, de- 
pressed, scales blackish ; flower large, four inches and more in 
diameter, single, of a brilliant carmine red ; seven rounded petals; 
many abortive stamens, or half transformed petals striped with 
white in the centre ; pistils much larger than the stamens. The 
last flowers of this variety do not resemble the first. — Veri/ heautifid. 

1 10. C Iddebiana. — Leaves very nearly resembling those of C. 
Rubra simplex; flower vase-form, large, double, regularly formed, 
of a deep orange-red, No. 7 ; petals, not numerous, broad, elevated, 
intermixed with short stamens. — Superb. 

in. C. Knightii eximia. — Leaves small, close, oval, very acumi- 
nate, reflex at the extremity ; much veined and of a dull green ; bud 
at first elongate, pointed, oblong and obtuse, some days before its de- 
velopment ; flower semi-double, two and a half inches in dianiefer, 
at first rose, No. 4 ; and at a later period cherry-red. No. 2. exterior 
petals, imbricated, a little marked with white: those of the centre 
smaller, rumpled, intermixed with stamens. — Passable. 

112. C LatifoUa nova. — Leaves three inches wide, and about 
the same in length, and in a manner imbricated, rounded at the 
base, point recurved, glossy, and much nerved ; flower vase-form, 
three inches in diameter, of a cherry-red. No. 5J ; interior petals 
irregular, festooned and curled ; those of the exterior often with 
two or three roundish lobes. — Superb. 

113. C. Lambertii. — Leaves very much like those of C. Rubra 
plena; flowers large, semi-double, and often single, cherry-red, No. 
3. — Passable. 

114. C. Macrophylla. — There are offered for sale, by the nurse- 
rymen, several varieties of Camellia, under this name ; the oldest 
has a single flower, and of but little merit ; the second has very 
beautiful foliage, and a small semi-double insignificant flower ; the 
third resembles, much, C. Humboldtiana ; the fourth and last, and 
vvl.ich I consider the true, has leaves, four inches wide and five and 
a half long, roundish-oval, nerves very salient, and of a beautiful 
green; flower very well formed, , of a cherry-red, No. 1; petals 
rounded, broad, those of the centre rumpled, distorted,'and spiral- 
ly arranged ; some very short stamens in the middle ; corolla three 
and a half inches in diameter. — Superb 



MONOtiRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 6«» 

115. C. Miss Rosa. — A very vigorous shrub ; leaves horizontal, 
oval, almost round, two inches and four lines wide, and four inches 
long, acuminate, very much dentated, thick, strong nerves ; petiole 
loAger than in the other varieties : buds numerous, pointed, like 
those of C. Variegata plena ; flower two and a half inches in di- 
ameter, semi-double, of a cherry red. No. 1 ; exterior petals, to the 
number of from eight to ten, very broad ; those of the centre small, 
depressed, and arranged in spirals; blooms full and easily. — Very 
beautiful. 

116. C. Magni/lora simplex. — Leaves very nearly like those of 
the single red Camellia; port pyramidal, vigorous and elegant; 
flower five inches in diameter; single, of a cherry-red, No. 2; 
many stamens in the centre. Mr Tamporet obtained it from the 
seed. — Ve7'7j beautiful. 

117. C. Mutabilis Traversii. — A vigorous shrub ; leaves large, 
of a beautiful green, a little curled, resembling those of C. Rubra 
plena, nerves very conspicuous ; flower regular, double, very 
large, three and a half inches in diameter, at first, on expanding, 
of a delicate rose tint, immediately it becomes deeper, and shaded 
with violet ; petals from 60 to 70, the exterior side of which is mar- 
gined with white, and most of them are traversed by a whitish line, 
which regularly extends from the extremity to the claw, — Superb. 

118. C. Nannetensis.— hea.ve.s rather large, obtuse-oval, reflex, 
a little acuminated, veined, of a faded green ; flower double, hand- 
somely imbricated, two and a half inches in diameter, cherry-red. 
No. 1., sometimes darker; petals not numerous, arranged in a vase 
form, nearly all equal. — Very pretty. 

119. C. New-imported. — Leaves very nearly like those of C. Raiv- 
siana ; bud rounded, scales blackish; flower of medium size, dou- 
ble, well formed, of a cherry-red. No. 2. — Very beautiful. 

120. C. Osburnea. — Leaves one inch and three lines wide and 
three inches six lines long, oblong, glossy, flat, a little acuminated, 
recurved towards the stock, and in an imbricated manner, very fine- 
ly dentated ; bud pointed-oval ; scales calycinal, greenish ; flower 
large, of a cherry-red, No. I, like that of C. Coniophyllaflora, 
that is, composed of eight petals in the circumference, many single 
or petaloid stamens, short, united in a compact fascicles, striped with 
pale red, and forming a depressed bowl-formed corolla. — Pretty. 

121. C. Oxoniensis. — A very vigorous shrub; branches large 

9 



66 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

and shooting out far, leaves roundish-oval, very acuminate, regularly 
dentate ; bud large, oval, scales greenish, sometimes black, at the 
summit; flower large, double, four inches in diameter, of an in- 
tense rose, very difficult to describe; exterior petals arranged 
around and toward the centre, recurved, narrowed towards the claws, 
very broad in the limb, regularly placed in a vase-form ; those of 
the centre small, straight, irregularly marked with rose and white, 
which gives a peculiar character of beauty to this flower. The 
sexual organs are apparent, some of the stamens petaloid. — Superb. 

122. C. Ornata. — Leaves medium, horizontal, of a Jiandsome 
green ; bud large, scales almost black ; flower large, broad, double, 
of a cherry-red, mixed with a delicate violet. No. 3, well formed, 
having some resemblance to that of C. Rosa sinensis. — Beautiful. 

123. C. Percycp.. — Leaves large, roundish-oval, stiif, of a black- 
ish green ; bud oblong, scales greenish ; flower large, single, cher- 
ry-red. No. 1 ; stamens numerous, dispersed, and very regularly re- 
curved, instead of being straight and confined in fascicles, as in the 
C. Aitonia; this disposition of the stamens gives it the form of the 
interior of the blossom of a Passiflora. — Curious. 

124. C. Pencillata. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, 
ovate-lanceolate, very dentate, almost flat, of a beautiful green ; bud 
rather large, scales green ; flower two and a half inches in diame- 
ter, semi-double, of a cherry-red, No. 3; petals of the circumfer- 
ence reflexed upon the calyx, the others elevated as in the C. Rex 
RatavicB. A few stamens in the centre. — Pretty. 

125. C. Parthoniana. See C. Dorsttti. 

126. Preston-eclipse — The leaves have a faint resemblance to 
those of C. Imperialis, as have also the buds ; flower three inches 
and three lines in diameter, sometimes of a clear rose, No. 1, strip- 
ed with white, like the C. Punctata plena ; now and then of a pure 
cherry-red. No. 4, as in the Camellia Paeonigeflora ; exterior petals, 
not numerous, large, recurved ; those of the interior narrow, erect, 
slashed, striped, spiral, and form a depressed sphere — Superb. 

127. C. Paradoxa. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a 
half long, roundish-oval, nerves conspicuous; flower large, single, 
regular, of a clear cherry-red. No. 5; petals slightly undulate, cre- 
nated at the summit ; filaments of the stamens united for half their 
length. — Passable. 

128. C. Pulchella. — Leaves small, of a pale green; bud with 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 67 

blackish scales ; flower small, semi-double, of a cherry-red, No. 1 
petals straight. — Passable. 

129. C. Pceonicp-flora rubra.. — A vigorous shrub, has a tendency 
to grow tall, and requires to be pruned to give it a handsome form ; 
leaves two inches wide, and two and eleven lines long, a little den- 
tated, oval, acuminated, shining, of rather a deep green ; bud large, 
rounded, scales green ; flower four and a half inches in diameter, 
and sometimes larger, of a vivid rose. No. 4, often of a cherry-red, 
No, 2, full ; petals flat in the circumference ; in the centre large, 
and in form of a cornet, numerous, narrow, close, forming an ele- 
vated centre. — Superb. 

130. C. Parcksii striped. — Leaves small, an inch and a half 
wide and two long, reflex, recurved at the summit, nerves appa- 
rent, but small, of an obscure green, surface uneven ; bud with 
green scales; flower large, double, of a cherry-red. No. 2, at first, 
and afterwards rose ; petals of the circumference broad, finely cre- 
nated at the summit ; some stamens in the centre ; this flower re- 
sembles, a little, that of C. Rosa sinensis. — Handsome. 

131. C. Palmcrii rubra. — Leaves of a medium size, of the kind 
of those of C. Lucida ; flower rather small, double, of a cherry-red. 
No. 3. — Passable. 

132. C. Plumonia. — Leaves two inches wide and three and half 
long, "roundish-oval, a little mucronate, thick, regularly dentated at 
the summit, and irregularly at the base, of a sombre green ; bud 
elongate, scales green; of a medium size ; flower of a medium size, 
single, cherry-red, No. 2 ; petals to the number of from five to seven, 
broad, stamens single, mixed with others half transformed into pe- 
tals. — Rather insignificant. 

133. C. Reine dcs Pays-Bas. — Leaves near, shining like those of 
C. Rubra simplex ; bud with calycinal scales, greenish ; flower three 
inches in diameter, double, clear cherry-red, No. 2 ; petals of the 
circumference recurved and rumpled ; those of the centre erect and 
distorted. — Passable. 

134. C. Radiata. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate-lanceolate, 
of a faded green, nearly nerveless ; bud rounded, depressed, scales 
blackish at the base, and whitish at the summit ; flower two inches 
and ten lines in diameter, full, regular, of a delicate cherry-red, No. 
1 ; petals handsomely imbricated, forming a cup, as in C. Florida. 
— Passable. 



68 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

135. C. Rosa sine7isis. — A shrub with greyish branches ; leaves 
large, near, strongly nerved, oval, acuminate, regularly dentate, re- 
curved towards the stalk, of a deep green ; bud rather large, in 
form and color like those of the C. Varicgata plena ; flower three 
inches and three lines, and sometimes more, in diameter, full, regu- 
lar, of a cherry-red. No. 2, sometimes rose ; exterior petals recurv- 
ed, and a little irregular in the limb; those of the centre narrower, 
and a little rumpled ; some of them striped with white and clear rose. 
— Superb. 

13d. * C. Reticulata. — This Camellia came from China. It is 
considered by all botanists as a distinct species. It differs, in all 
respects, from C. Japonica, by its rounded, flat, and strongly reticu- 
lated leaves, as well as by its silken ovary, which is not to be found 
in the other species ; bud very large, conical, two inches long before 
it opens ; calyx pentaphyllous, of a yellowish green ; leaves oblong, 
acuminate, reticulate, dentate, of a deep green ; flower very large, 
five inches in diameter, semi-double; petals, in number from twenty 
to twentythree, undulated and inserted in a loose and irregular man- 
ner, of a bright cherry-red. No. 2, shaded with rose; stamens nu- 
merous and irregularly placed, some erect and others curved ; an- 
thers broad, of a dull brownish yellow, which but illy comports with 
the splendor of the petals. This flower much resembles that of 
Pceonia arborea rosea, when this is only semi-doubie, which is often 
the case ; of the same color and the same form. — Magnificent. 

137. C. Rubricaidis, — A vigorous shrub, and of a handsome 
port; leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a half long, 
roundish-oval, near, thick, broad teeth and conspicuous nerves, of a 
deep green ; bud ovate-oblong, scales yellowish ; flower semi-dou- 
ble, two and a half inches in diameter, of a regular form, cherry- 
red. No. 3 ; petals rounded, broad, dispersed ; corolla in the form 
of a vase ; many stamens in the centre. It is known in the com- 
merce of flowers, by the name of C. Rubricaulis Varicgata; but 
this is the same as the common C. Rubricaulis, which has marbled 
flowers when it is forced to bloom early in a very warm green-house. 
This peculiarity of producing variegated flowers, has been remark- 
ed in several varieties of the red flowered Camellias, whenever they 
are submitted to an elevated temperature, to make them bloom be- 
fore their natural epoch. The C. Chandlerii, Spectabilis, Coccinea, 
Rex Batavico, AJIcb Rosa sinensis, CoroUi^" ^^".Icsiana, Wiltonia 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



f)9 



Rubra plena, and others, experience this change. TheVariegata 
plena is more marbled, or variegated in winter, than in the spring. 
I'JS. C. Rosa punctata. — Leaves two inches wide and two and 
a half long, roundish-oval, acuminate, near, horizontal, regularly 
dentated, of rather a deep green ; flower three inches in diameter, 
double, well formed, of a cherry-red, No. 2, with some white spot«. 

— Very handsome. 

139. C. Rosoijiora. — Leaves two inches wide and three and two 
lines long, ovate- lanceolate, acuminate, some of them rolled back, 
conspicuously nerved, and of a handsome green , bud rather large, 
oblong, elongate, scales green ; flower regular, double, two and a 
half inches in diameter, cherry-red. No. 2 ; petals rather numerous, 
ovate-oblong, well imbricated, in a rose-form ; a few stamens. — 

— Handsome. 

140. C. Scintillous. — Leaves two inches wide and two and ten 
lines long, oval, a little acuminated ; nerves apparent, of an ordi- 
nary green ; bud rather large, a little pointed, scales yellowish ; 
flower three and a half inches in diameter, double, cherry-red, No. 
1 ; petals shaded with red and rose, long, narrow, handsomely im- 
bricated. — Very handsome. 

141. C. Senicea. — There exist in commerce three different va- 
rieties under this name ; the foliage of the first resembles that of C. 
Florida ; bud large, roundish, depressed, scales yellowish ; flower 
large, full, of a cherry-red, No. 2, opening gradually in the form of 
a cup; petals of the circumference, arranged in several rows, broad, 
rounded, imbricated ; those of the other rows are much smaller, 
but of the form of the preceding, a little rumpled in the centre* 
sometimes striped with white, a little twisted, and contains two or 
three stamens. — It is a superb variety. 

The second variety has leaves two inches wide and three long, 
ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate, of a faded green ; flower large, 
of a cherry-red. No. 2, very double, well formed ; petals well ar- 
ranged, and imbricated regularly. — Superb. 

The third variety has rather large leaves, inclined towards the 
earth, and of a pale green, the flower is composed of seven large 
petals in the circumference ; the petals of the middle very nearly 
like those of C. Anemnna>flora. — Passable. 

142. C. Superba. — Leaves roundish-oval, two inches wide and 
two and a half long, dentated and a little undulated, thick, of a dull 



70 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

green ; flower large, semi-double, in the form of a broad cup, of a 
beautiful cherry, No. 3; a iew stamens are found intermixed with 
the small petals. — Passable. 

143. Staminea sitnplex, or Pinckolor. — Leaves very large, three 
inches and three lines wide and four inches and three lines long, 
roundish-oval, stiff, thick, a little acuminated, strong nerves, of a 
pale green ; bud very large, oblong, obtuse, scales yellowish, flowers 
four inches in diameter, single, of a cherry-red, No. 2, sometimes 
darker; stamens numerous ; anthers large; filaments short. — Very 
beautiful. 

144. C. Sophiana (Poit.) — Shrub vigorous ; leaves oval, slightly 
acuminated, dentated rather deeply, of a handsome green ; bud large, 
conical ; flower cherry-red, No. 2, semi-full, three and a half inches 
in diameter; petals from 15 to 20, broad, well imbricated, reflex to- 
wards the summit, convex in the middle and concave at the base ; 
petals of the centre disposed as in the corolla of a lily ; the fila- 
ments of the stamens are divided into five or six divergent fascicles. 
Obtained from the seed by Mr Mathieu, of Paris, and named by Mr 
Poiteau. — Veri/ handsome. 

145. Thunbergia. — Leaves one inch and eleven lines broad and 
three inches long, oval, a little acuminated, obscurely veined, slight- 
ly recurved interiorly, flat at the summit, and of a beautiful glos.sy 
green ; bud oblong, scales greenish ; flower two and a half inches 
in diameter, semi-double, cherry-red, No. 2, 'of the form of Camel- 
lia Florida, but less double ; petals of the centre curled and distort- 
ed ; pistils apparent. — Superb. 

146. C. SpatulatcB. — Leaves rather large; buds with dark yel- 
low scales; flower large, single, cherry-red, No. 3; petals elongate, 
bifid, spatulate, hollowed into gutters having the summit a little re- 
curved ; bears seed. — Beautiful. 

147. C. Triumphnns. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and 
three long, roundish-oval, slightly acuminated, nerves very distinct, 
a little undulated towards the middle, thick, very like those of the 
Colvillii ; bud spherical, depressed at the summit, and as large as a 
small walnut, before it expands into blossom ; scales calycinal, large, 
thick, rounded, of a yellowish color ; flower three and a half inches 
in diameter, very full, regular, cl\erry-red, No. 1, gradually shaded 
with a pure rose, whose intenseness diminishes from 'the circum- 
ference to the centre ; petals large, a little recurve"^ at the exterior 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 71 

extremity, imbricated gracefully, slightly veined with red and rose ; 
sometimes the petals of the centre, which are small, are striped with 
white. — Magnificent. 

148. C. Warrata striata. — Leaves lanceolate, two inches wide 
and four long, acuminated, the borders turned up and forming a 
kind of spoon, of a glossy green ; bud very large, oblong, scales 
clear green ; flower broad, irregular, of a cherry-red, No. 1, often 
pale or dark, and spotted with white; petals six, broad, deeply cre- 
nated at the summit, folded back on the calyx, and separated from 
those of the centre, which are all composed of petaloid stamens, red, 
regular, forming a bowl. — Very handsome. 

149. C. Venustissama- — Leaves roundish-oval, like those of C. 
Masterii, two inches and eight lines wide and three long; flower of 
the Anemone, large, semi-double, cherry-red, No. 2, sometimes 
striped with white lines. — Charming. 

150. C. Woodtiana. — Leaves two inches wide and three long, 
lanceolate, acuminate, regularly and finely dentated ; bud small, 
scales green : flower medium, double, of a cherry-red, No. 2. — 
Passable. 

151. C. Woodsii. — Leaves twenty lines wide and three inches 
and ten lines long; lanceolate, acuminated, a little dentated, of a 
deep green ; handsome port ; bud very large, obloug, scales black- 
ish ; flower very large, three inches in diameter, petals unequal. 

This flower resembles a Provence rose ; blooms with difficulty. — 
Superb. 



FIRST GAMUT. 

UNICOLORS. 

DEEP CHERny-RED. 

Dominant color. — Carmine mixed with more or less Vermilion, 
as in Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the colored table. 

152. Camellia Alexandriana. — Leaves two inches and eight 
lines wide and three and a half long, ovate, oblong, lanceolate, ca- 
naliculate ; reflex, teeth very distant, of a deep green ; flower large, 
three inches in diameter, double, deep cherry-red, No. 6 ; a little of 
a violet tint, form like that of C. Altheceflora. — Very beautiful. 

153. C. AlthecBfiora. — Leaves two inches six lines wide and 



72 MONOGRAPH Y OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

four inches three lines long, near, reflex, lanceolate, of a clear and 
glassy green ; bud obtuse, large, with reddish calycinal scales; 
flower broad, depressed, double, three and a half inches in diam- 
eter, cherry-red, No. 6 ; petals of the circumference in two rows, 
large, recurved, separated from those of the centre, which are broad, 
short, erect, irregularly veined, notched or slit at the summit and 
intermixed with stamens, which are not very apparent. — Superb. 

154. C. Atroviolacea. — Flower large, regular, well formed, 
clear red, and afterwards deep; petals of the exterior rounded and 
acuminated ; those of the centre narrower, elongate, distorted and 
acute. — Passable. 

155. C. Anemora mutabillis. — Leaves two inches and three 
lines wide and three inches and two lines long, flat, ovate, lanceo- 
late, nerves not very apparent, of a deep green ; bud rather large, 
oblong, scales greenish ; flower three and a half inches in diam- 
eter, full, of a deep red. No. 6 ; inclining to purple, darker than 
C. Corollina ; petals in eight rows, handsomely imbricated, the ex- 
teriors broad, the others diminish in width in proportion as they ap- 
proximate to the centre, all crenated at the summit, some of them 
verging towards white. — Magnificent. 

156. C. Ancmona Warrata rosea. — Leaves four inches long and 
three wide, oval, elliptical, acute, imperfectly nerved, glossy and co- 
riaceous, point short ; flower more than three inches in diameter, 
spherical, of a cherry-red, No. 4 ; shaded with a purplish-rose ; ex- 
terior petals large, an inch broad, not very near, entire, a little sin- 
uous. — Superb. 

157. C. Blackburniana. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, 
oblong, lanceolate, dispersed, dentated, resembling those of C Dor- 
setti of a brownish green; bud elongate, pointed, with greenish 
scales, flower large, three inches in diameter, full ; color, deep 
cherry-red, No 6 ; petals of the exterior large, recurved, detached 
from those of the centre, which are short, near, compact, forming 
an elevated heart. — Superb. 

15S. C. Braxilliensh. — Leaf handsome ; shrub branched ; port 
pyramidal, and very vigorous ; bud with blackish scales; flower 
semi-double, red, small. — Insignificant. 

159. C. Berlesianafulgens. — A, shrub with tortuous and greyish 
branches; leaves near, numerous, of ordinary size, o\^al, a little 
acuminated, nerves not very apparent, scarcely dentated, and 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 73 

somewhat like those of C Coccinea ; bud large, elongate, scales 
green ; opens gradually and gracefully ; flower three inches and two 
lines in diameter, double, rose color, No. 4 ; petals rounded, eleva- 
ted, disposed in the form of a vase, not numerous, intermixed with 
stamens, which are not very apparent. — Very handsome. 

160. C Concinna. — Leaves an inch and a half wide and two 
and a half long, thick, roundish-oval, the summit very acute, nerves 
very salient, but little dentated and of a deep green ; bud pretty 
large, pyramidal, scales greenish ; flower more than three inches in 
diameter, full, hollowed in the centre like a funnel, cherry-red. No. 
4 ; petals gracefully imbricated, from the centre to the circumfe- 
rence, reflex, and form a perfect rose. — Magnificent. 

161. C. Coccinea. — Shrub pyramidal, wood greyish; leaves of 
medium size, near, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, smooth, irreg- 
ularly dentated ; bud somewhat large, oval, acute, scales greenish ; 
flower axillary, large, regular, double, of a deep cherry-red, No. 4; 
petals of the circumference, imbricated, sometimes splashed with 
white ; those of the centre small, rumpled, and irregularly arranged. 
— Yery beautiful. 

163. C Aintonia. — Floy. It is a sub-variety of C, Warrata, 
fecundated by C. Variegata, and obtained from the seed, by Mr 
Floy of New York. The flower of this Camellia has only a sin- 
gle row of large exterior petals, which are stiff", thick, very broad, 
of a deep cherry-red, No. 6 ; the centre of the flower is composed 
of narrow petals, striped red and white, among which are seen 
some stamens and rudiments of pistils like those of the Warrata. — 
Very beautiful. 

163. C. Corollina. — Leaves from two to three inches wide and 
five long, lanceolate, acuminate, a little inclined towards the stock, 
sometimes considerably dentated for one half, and then almost en- 
tire towards the summit, of an obscure green ; bud large, obtuse, 
scales yellowish ; flower^ three and a half inches in diameter, and 
often more, double, deep cherry-red. No. 6; petals large, broad, not 
numerous, sometimes spotted with white ; some stamens in the cen- 
tre. The seeds of this Camellia have produced very beautiful sub- 
varieties. — Superb. 

164. C. Bilecta. — Leaves small, of different forms, very little 
dentated; bud small, scales blackish; flower small, semi-double, of 

10 



74 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLA. 

a very beautiful deep cherry-red, No. 6 ; a few petaloid stamens in 
the centre. — Passable. 

165. C. Dernii, or xiugustcs. — Leaves elongate, horizontal, 
profoundly dentate ; bud oval, pointed ; scales yellowish ; flower 
full, three inches in diameter, of a handsome form, deep cherry- 
red, No. 4 ; vivid crimson ; exterior petals in two rows, broad, flat- 
tened, gracefully twisted, reflex, and crenate , those of the middle, 
form a flattened bowl, are numerous and united in irregular groups. 
— Very heaxitiful. 

166. C. Eigertonia. — Leaves oblong, acuminate, eighteen lines 
wide and three and a half inches lonor, obscurely veined, the point 
inclined toward the earth, flat, of a deep shining green ; bud elon- 
gate, scales blackish on their borders, green in the middle and 
whitish at the summit ; flower two inches and nine lines in diam- 
eter, full, deep cherry-red. No. 5 ; petals of the exterior disposed 
in three rows, broad, recurved, much crenated at the summit ; those 
of the centre, smaller, unequal, separated from the first ; slit into 
narrow portions, the first slit at the top, contorted, short and com- 
pact, forming an open Centre ; enveloped by a few more regular 
petals. — Yery beautiful. 

167. C. Eljjhinstonia. — Leaves two inches four lines wide and 
three inches eight lines long, roundish-oval, a little dentated ; bud 
large, scales of a blackish green ; flower large, cherry-red, No. 5 ; 
almost poppy colored, shaded with carmine, sometimes splashed 
with white, three inches in diameter, heart arched ; exterior petals 
pretty large, well arranged in a cup and notched at the summit ; those 
of the centre, small, numerous, rolled like a cornet, grouped and 
united, presenting a regular and pleasing sphere. — Very beautiful. 

168. C. Flavnnea. — Leaves narrow, elongate ; flower small, 
deep cherry-red, No. 5 ; petals a little pointed. — Insignificant. 

169. C. Fulgida. — Leaves two inches and one line wide and 
three inches three lines long, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, re- 
flex, nerves profound, of a very deep green ; bud large, a little 
elongated, scales green ; flower three and a half inches in diam- 
eter, single, deep cherry No. 6 ; petals 6, broad, slightly curled, 
resembling those of C. Spatulata. 

170. C. Fulgens. — Leaves and port of the single C. Elegans ; 
flower cherry-red, No. 4 ; single ; stamens as in C Aitonia ; bears 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 75 

seed. There is a variety which bears the same name, the flower of 
which is double, large and very beautiful. 

171. C. Gloria belgica. — Leaves handsome, shining, finely den- 
tated ; flower large, single, cherry-red, No. 4 ; like that of C. Pa- 
jjaveracea. 

172. C Heugmaniana. — Leaves somewhat large, smooth, two 
inches and two lines wide, and three inches one line long, oblong, 
verv acuminate, strongly nerved, very dentate, reflex, undulated,of 
a dull green ; bud of a medium size, obtuse, scales green ; flower 
three inches in diameter, double, cherry-red, No. 4; spherical, well 
formed; petals imbricated, regularly elevated, pretty large; those 
of the centre small, a little distorted, a few stamens. — Venj hand- 
some- 
US. C. Hexangularis Monstmosa. — Leaves of a medium size, 

roundish-oval, slightly acuminate, obscurely dentate, of an ordinary 
green : flower three inches in diameter, well formed, double, of a 
cherry-red. No. 4. — Superb. 

There exists an old Hexangularis, whose leaf is small, as well as 
the flower, which is of a delicate rose color, with numerous petals, 
visibly divided into several angular undulations and curved inward. 
— Passable. 

174. C. hisignis 'purpurea. — Leaves large, ovate, lanceolate, 
reflex, of a blackish green ; bud elongate, large, scales blackish; 
flower large, very deep cherry-red. No. 7 ; single, with a few abor- 
tive stamens, or transformed into rudimental petals in the centre. 

175. C. Johnsonii. — Shrub vigorous, but not much branched ; 
leaves broad, of a deep green and often spotted with yellow dots ; 
bud large, thick, scales greenish ; flower semi-double, large, of a 
dark cherry-red. No. 4 ; crimsoned more or less deeply ; some of 
the exterior petals broad and others pointed, not numerous; those 
of the middle, lanceolate, smaller than the first, formed into spiral 
and intermixed with fertile stamens. — Yerij handsome. 

176. C. K7iightii. — A shrub of an elegant port ; leaves round- 
ish-oval, finely dentated, very glossy, almost flat, and of a clear 
green ; bud large, spherical, scales calycinal, blackish ; flower 
large, single, of a handsome cherry-red. No. 4 ; petals broad, seven 
in number; many stamens arranged in fascicles, some of which 
are in a rudimental petaloid state ; bears seed. — Passable. 

177. C. KerTnesina. — Leaves two inches and three lines wide 



76 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



and three and a half long, roundish-oval, strongly-nerved, of a very 
deep green ; bud elongate, scales green ; flower three inches in di- 
ameter ; cherry-red, No. 5; double, petals round, erect, spatulate, 
like those of C. Ruhricaulis ; a few stamens in the centre. — Ver]/ 
handsome. 

178. C. lAndhria. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, lance- 
olate, very acuminate, recurved at the summit, of a green similar 
to that of C. single red ; bud elongated, scales greenish ; flower 
semi-double, deep cherry-red, No. 4; like that of C. Camptoniana. 
There is another variety of this name, the flower of which is large, 
double, of a delicate rose, resembling much that of C. Sinensis 
rosea. — Superb. 

179. C. Lucida. — Leaves two inches wide, and three long, 
ovate, oblong, a little acuminated, shining, flat, horizontal, the old 
have the summit acute, the others obtuse, slightly dentated, and of 
an obscure green: bud of a medium size, scales blackish ; flower 
double, rather large, regular, of a deep orange red, approaching 
carmine, No. 5 ; some of the centre petals deformed. — Very beau- 
tiful. 

180. C. Madame Adelaide. (Berl.) — Shrub pyramidal ; leaves 
resembling those of C. double white, a little more acute, and more 
dentated at the extremity, of a deep green ; bud very large, 
like that of C. Aitonia ; flower very large, spherical, double, of 
a beautiful cherry-red. No. 5; petals rounded, beautifully imbri- 
cated, some of those in the centre slightly distorted ; those of 
the circumference arranged horizontally, and those of the centre 
erect. — Superb. 

181. C. Milleri. — Leaves two inches and two lines wide, and 
four and often more long, oblong, scarcely veined, flat, very finely 
dentated, of a clear green, as in C. Speciosa vera ; bud very large, 
obtuse, scales greenish ; flower large, four inches and eight lines in 
diameter, full, cherry-red. No. 4 ; exterior peta;.j oroad, not numer- 
ous, recurved, sometimes curled, doubly crenate at the summit : 
those of the interior of difTerent sizes, some large, others small and 
slit into narrow strips like the Speciosa vera. — Magnificent. 

182. C. Minuta. — Shrub vigorous; leaves three inches long, 
almost orbicular, a little attenuated at the base and summit, very 
glossy and veined ; flower two inches and eight lines fn diameter, 
of a deep cherry-red, No. 4; arranged into a perfect vase, regular. 



MONOGRAPHV OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 77 

petals imbricated, emarginate in the middle, slightly cordilbrm ; 
those of the centre, very irregular, of a uniform vivid red. — Superb. 

183. C. Myrtifolia or iiivolicta. — Leaves smaller than in the 
other varieties, one inch and a half wide and two long, oval, slight- 
ly lanceolate, of a dull green; bud of a medium size, egg-shaped, 
acute, of a yellowish green ; flower large, full, well formed, of a 
handsome red ; exterior petals deep amaranth, and those approach- 
ing the centre, a pale rose color ; petals broad, beautifully im- 
bricated, numerous. The flowers of this variety emit an agreeable 
odor when they are struck by the solar rays. — Magidjicent. 

184. C. Myrtifolia grandijlora. — A shrub of rather a slow 
growth and not very tall, branches of a greyish green, slim and di- 
verging ; leaves two inches long, a little contorted into the form of 
a boat, and deeply dentated ; of a deep and glossy green ; flower 
very double, four inches in diameter, of a cherry-red, No. 5 ; spot- 
ted and striped with carmine ; petals very ample, rounded, borders 
of a pale rose ; corolla regular, and approaches very nearly the 
the form of the hundred-leaf rose ; like the latter it is a little open 
and forms a cup in the centre ; blooms very late. — Superb. 

185. C. Mastererii. — Leaves rounded and acuminate, of a very 
dark green ; bud elongate and has reddish calycinal scales ; flower 
three and a half inches in diameter, full, well formed, of a deep 
cherry-red. No. 5, or deep crimson ; petals of the circumference 
oblong, cordiform, convex and recurved ; those of the centre small- 
er, cut into strap-shaped portions at the summit, not numerous and 
sometimes marked with white. — Very beautiful. 

186. C. Papaveracea. — Leaves of ordinary, size, oval, con- 
tracted at the summit, nerves salient, of a pale green, often shaded 
with yellow; flower single, five inches in diameter, cherry-red, No. 
4 ; petals from 5 to 7, broad, well placed ; many short stamens, 
compact, style very long ; bears seed. — Superb. 

187. C. Parksii vera. — Leaves two and one half inches wide and 
three inches 4 lines long, almost flat, roundish-oval, slightly acumi- 
nate, delicately dentated; smooth, of a clear green, resembling a 
little those of C. Speciosa vera; bud large, oblong, depressed at 

the summit, scales blackish, full, a cherry-red. No. 6; petals of 
the circumference in two rows, broad, channelled, some recurved, 
compact, others erect and mixed with those of the interior, which 
are small, thick, forming an irregular sphere, as in C. Milleri, or the 



/8 MONOURAPIIY OF THE GENUS CAMEiLLIA. 

SperAo&a vera, of which this variety has the form and dimensions. — 
agnifi c ent. 

188. C. PrcEceUentissinia. — Leaves two inches wide and two 
inches and two lines long, elliptical, slightly acuminate, nerves very 
apparent, almost invisibly dentate, the summit reflex, as in the C. 
Reeswesii ; bud oblong, scales of a yellowish green, flower three 
and a half inches in diameter and often more, double, cherry-red, 
No. 6, having a little of the tint of that of C. Rivinii ; petals of the 
circumference six, oblong, turned back on the calyx distant from 
each other, in the form of a star and crenated at the summit ; those of 
the interior numerous, short, equally arranged and forming a bowl, 
as in the ordinary Warrata; in the middle are seen the styles which 
are very long. — Very beautiful. 

189. C. Picturum coccinea. — Leaves large, horizontal, and hol- 
lowed into a gutter, of a deep green, but very little dentated ; bud 
large, scales greenish ; flower more than three inches in diameter 
and often even four, full, regular, of a cherry color, No. 4 ; petals 
broad, handsomely detached, and gracefully imbricated. — Superb. 

190. C. Platipctola. — We possess two Camellias under this name ; 
the first is very much like C. Imperialis, both in foliage and flower ; 
the second has leaves like those of C. Speciosa vera, or of C. Rato- 
siana. The flower which is not so dark as that of the two last va- 
rieties, has the same form and size ; but the bud before it opens, has 
a white point at the summit. — Superb. 

191. C. Rubra simplex, or japonica. — The type, from which 
nearly all our varieties were derived. See its description at the 
commencement of the monography. 

192. C. Rubra plena. — This shrub requires pruning, to give it 
a gracful port and cause it to flower abundantly ; branches greyish, 
numerous, having a tendency to extend themselves far, leaves ovate- 
lanceolate, or rounded, curled, reclined, and are often undulated in va- 
rious directions, of a deep green ; bud large, oblong, obtuse, scales 
blackish; flower three inches in diameter, full, of a cherry-red No. 
5; petals of the circumference broad, recurved; those of the in- 
terior, swollen, narrow, elongate, numerous, rumpled, and irregular- 
ly arranged ; bears seed. 

There exists a sub-variety of this Camellia known in the com- 
merce of flowers under the name of Rubra maxima ; it is a more 
rustic shrub, its flower longer and its port more regular ; but both 



MONOGRAPH Y OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 79 

of these varieties, retain their buds with difficulty. Still if they are 
kept in a continued temperate atmosphere, from the last of autumn 
to the moment of floresence, tbey flower very well in december. — 
Superb. 

193. C Rex BatavicB. — Leaves two inches wide and three inches 
two lines long, a little recurved at the extremity, nerves very distinct, 
often spotted with pale yellow; bud large, scales greenish; flower 
three inches and 3 lines in diameter, double, regular, cherry color, 
No. 6, becoming darker in proportion as the flower develops ; pe- 
tals not numerous, broad, rounded at the summit, hollowed into 
gutters and slightly recurved backwards ; some of those in the cen- 
tre rumpled and dislocated ; a few stamens in the centre, with very 
brilliant yellow anthers. — Vei-y beautiful. 

194. C. Rossi. — Leaves large, ovate-lanceolate, curled, recurved 
towards the stock, very dentate, of a dull green ; bud with green 
scales ; flower double, three inches in diameter, of a fine cherry-red 
No. 4, someiimes spotted. — Very beautiful. 

195. C. Rossiana superba. — Branches vigorous and elongated ; 
leaves ample, rather deeply dentated, nerves very apparent ; flower 
of a medium size, of a deep cherry-red, No. 4, semi-double. — 
Handsome, 

196. C. Roscii ox Rawsiana. — See the next. 

197. C. Ratosiana or Roscii. — Leaves two and a half inches wide 
and three and a half long, oblong, horizontal, a little rolled, recurved 
at the summit, very finely dentated of a clear green ; bud |large, 
scales blackish ; flower three inches in diameter, full, deep cherry- 
red, No. 4, form convex and rumpled; petals of the circumference 
not numerous, but broad, distorted and thick ; those of the interior 
very numerous, pretty large, compact, unequal, reclined, or erect, 
some of them marked with a white spot. — Superb. 

19S. C. Sanguinea. — Leaves of a medium size, form and color 
of C. Aitonia ; bud oblong, pointed, scales greenish; flower 4 
inches in diameter, single, cherry-red. No. 5, sometimes blood col- 
or ; stamens numerous, anthers small, styles long, surpassing, by a 
third, the length of the stamens ; bears seed. — Beautiful. 

199. C. Staminea plena. — We have compared during several 
years in succession, this plant with C. Raiosiana and Roscii and 
have discovered so little difference betvveevi these varieties that we 
think that they constitute but one. 



80 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMILLIA. 

200. C. Superhissima. (Sacc.) — Leaves two inches wide and 
three long ; bud obtuse, scales greenish ; flower of the largest di- 
mensions double, of a cherry-red, No. 4, often shaded with rose ; 
petals irregularly arranged, bnt with grace. This variety has been 
obtained from the seed by Mr Sacco of Milan. He states that the 
mother plant has produced flowers seven and a half inches in diam- 
eter. 

201. C. Sparmaniana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and 
three and two lines long, roundish oval, very slightly acuminated, 
with very distinct nerves, of a green like that of C. Wilbanksiana ; 
bud large, with greenish scales ; flower three inches in diameter, 
double, cherry-red, No. 6, exterior petals round, recurved, the others 
erect dispersed, with the form and dimentions of those of the flower 
of C. Rex BatavicB. — Very beautiful. 

202. C. Splendens vera. — We possess two varieties of C. Splen- 
dens: the first has a single flower, and is not remarkable; the sec- 
ond, whose leaves very much resemble those of C. Magniflora plena 
has a superb appearance ; its flowers very large, full, regular, deep 
cherry-red. No. 5 ; petals, rounded, imbricated, some of those in 
the centre contorted, and formed into two separate hearts. — Stcperb. 

203. C. Spetiosa vera. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and 
three and a half long, rounded, slightly acuminated, fine teeth, flat, 
of a clear green, glossy, very finely veined ; bud with blackish scales 
at the base and green at the summit ; flower large, beautiful, full, 
of a deep cherry-red ; No. 5, petals of the exterior in two or three rows, 
large, regular, recurved upon the calyx, those of the centre irregu. 
lar, multiplied, close undulate, rumpled, having a little white spot 
on the superior part ; corolla three inches in diameter. — Superb. 

204. C. Tamponcana. (Berb.) — Leaves close, oval, a little lance- 
olate, two inches three lines wide and three inches four lines long, 
with apparent nerves, of a dull green ; bud large, oblong, with ap- 
ple-green scales; flower three and a half inches in diameter, cherry 
red, No. 5, approaching amaranth, double, well formed; petals 
rounded in the circumference, regularly recurved upon the calyx, 
the second row gracefuly elevated; those of the centre, smaller, 
Tumpled, sometimes marked with white spots : a few sterile stamens 
in the centre ; flowers abundantly and easily obtained from the seed 
by Mr Tamponet of Paris. 

205. C. Warrata or Anemonce flora, — Leaves two inches wide 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 81 

and three long, obtuse-oval, of a deep and brilliant green, flat, thick, 
dispersed, reflex ; bud of medium size, elongate, with scales always 
blackish ; flower large, double, of a deep cherry-red, No. 6, approach- 
ing a purple; petals of the circumference broad, nearly rounded, in 
number 6 or 7, those of the interior numerous, small, arranged with 
admirable regularity in the form of a depressed bowl. This variety 
flowers with facility in warm climates; but in Paris, it is sufficiently 
inconstant in this respect. When the buds exhibit at their summits 
a white spot, it is an indication of a certain and easy florescence. 
This variety has produced very beautiful sub-varieties ; they are 
covered with fruit in Italy. 

SECOND GAMUT. 

UNICOLORS. 

CARNATION COLORS. 

Dominant color, rose lake and cinnabar, as in the numbers 1, 
and 2 of the colored table. 

206. C. Alha lutescens, or Roseojlorescens. — Leaves oblong, re- 
flex, and rolled downwards towards the summit, regularly dentated, 
almost flat, of the form and color of those of C. Wilbanksiana ; bud 
obtuse-oval, with yellowish scales, flower three and a half inches in 
diameter, of a dingy white, yellowish, carnation, No. 2, full, totally 
deprived of sexual organs ; petals broad, arranged in several rows. 
— Very beautiful.. 

207. C. Carnea. — Leaves oval, elongate, two and a half inches 
wide, and four inches three lines long, dispersed, very much veined 
and dentated, of a yellowish green ; bud obtuse, large, with green- 
ish scales ; flower three inches broad, full, flesh-color approaching a 
pale yellow, as in No. 3. — Superb. 

208. C. Incarnata. — Leaves two inches three lines wide and four 
long, lanceolate, strongly veined and deeply dentated, of a pale green, 
flower three and a half inches in diameter, full, arranged in a star, 
of a carnation color, pale on opening, and soon after becoming of a 
dingy yellow, a shade above No. 3 ; petals imbricated, tufted, slightly 
acuminated, sometimes crenated at the summit, gently leaning on 
each other, and forming a kind of star. — Magnificent. 

209. C. Ketcblurk. — It is a sub-variety of the preceding, flowers 

not so regular and not star-form. 
11 



82 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

SECOND GAMUT. 

U N I C OLO R S. 

OBANGE-RED MORE OR LESS DEEP. 

Dominant color, lake mixed with cianabar-red as in Nos. I. 2. 3. 
4. 5. 6. 7. and 8, in the second gamut of the colored table. 

210. C. Anevionceflora Warrata sinensis. — Leaves two inches 
wide and two and eight lines long, oval, obtuse, almost flat, the old 
roundish-oval, and the new lanceolate, both very finely dentate and 
with reddish margins, of a green very nearly like that of the'orange ; 
bud obtuse, pretty large, with green scales ; flower three and a half 
inches in diameter ; full, deep orange-red. No. 6, sometimes shaded 
above C. Reeveseii, with the heart depressed ; petals of the circum- 
ference in three rows, broad, rounded, those of the centre, narrow, 
short, mixed with others longer and broader, unequal, and marked in 
the centre, with one or two white spots. This flower much resem- 
bles that of C. Parksii. — Superb. 

211. C. Atrorubens. — A very vigorous shrub ; leaves large, ovate- 
lanceolate, attenuated at the superior extremity, very dentate, of a 
deep green, coriaceous bud of ordinary size with blackish scales ; 
flower three inches in diameter, full, irregular, of a deep orange red, 
No. 6; exterior petals in three rows, regularly placed, broad, imbri- 
cated, recurved and conspicuously displayed ; those of the interior 
smaller, short, elevated, distorted, rumpled and separated from the 
first, forming a depressed centre ; blooms with difficulty. — Superb. 

212. C. Aicgusta rubra aurantiaca. — Leaves two inches wide 
and three inches and more long, very much dentated, ovate-lanceo- 
late, acuminated, of a dull green ; bud oblong, a little pointed ; 
flower three and a half inches in diameter, double, deep orange-red. 
No. 8 ; color, form and dimensions like those of C. Corallina. — 
Superb. 

213. C. China. {Tnt.) or Rives-nova. — The branches, leaves and 
wood resemble those of C. Rubra plena, of which it is a sub-variety ; 
bud large, oval, with apple-green scales ; flower three inches in di- 
ameter, full, of a deep orange-red, No. 7 ; petals elevated, numerous, 
compact, and arranged as in C. Atrorubens, but of a more open 
globular form. — Superb. 

214. C. China large. — Leaves long, narrow, reflex, of a green, 
like that of C. Rubra plena ; flower about three inches in diameter, 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 83 

full, of the form of the preceding and of a very similar color ; petals 
of the exterior imbricated, entire, rounded at the summit, the bor- 
ders recurved ; a few small petals in the centre, unequal, slightly 
spotted with white. — Superb. 

215. C. Conspicua. — A shrub which has but little grace in its 
port; leaves two inches two lines wide and four long, lanceolate, ob- 
long, somewhat acuminate, undulating, close, reflex, deeply dentated 
with long petioles of an ordinary green ; bud oblong, with green caly- 
cinal scales ; flower three and a half inches in diameter, regular, 
full, of a beautiful orange-red. No. 8, approaching carmine ; petals 
of the circumference, arranged in several rows, broad, handsomely 
imbricated and deeply crenated at the summit ; some of those in 
the centre, long, twisted, and reclining laterally on the ovary. — Su- 
perb. 

216. C. Chandlerii. (Chand.) — A vigorous shrub ; leaves thick, 
three inches wide and four long, roundish-oval, horizontal, slightly 
acuminated, the points bent laterally, very much dentated, veins 
apparent, of an obscure green ; bud large, pointed-oval, with scales 
part blackish and part yellowish ; flower four inches in diameter, 
rose-form, double, depressed, of a superb deep orange-red. No. 8 ; 
petals of the circumference mucronated, imbricated, rounded, regu- 
larly arranged, crenated, those of the centre smaller, erect, elongate, 
folded a little in a cornet form, sometimes spotted with white. — 3Iag- 
nijicent. 

217. C. Cactijlora. — Leaves 2 inches and 2 lines wide, and 3 
inches 5 lines long, oval, oblong, lanceolate, very acuminate, dis- 
tant from each other, deeply dentated, strongly nerved ; bud oblong, 
with yellowish scales ; flower double of an orange red, No. 8 ; petals 
handsomely imbricated, not numerous, broad and regularly arrang- 
ed ; those of the centre, swollen, distorted and intermixed with 
stamens — Very handsome. 

218. Derbiana Vera". — Leaves 2 inches 3 lines wide and 3 1-2 
inches long, roundish-oval, very acuminate, nerves very distinct, 
horizontal, finely dentated, surface often spotted with yellow, of a 
very beautiful green ; bud very large, oblong, pointed with apple- 
green scales ; flower 4 inches in diameter, and often more, double, 
deep orange-red. No. 7, of a brightness diflicult to designate, and 
producing a magnificent effect ; the petals of the circumference ar- 
ranged ill several rows, broad, a little spoon-shaped, and crenated 



84 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 

at the summit ; those of the interior, narrow, rumpled, of a rose tint; 
a few sterile stamens in the centre. — Magnificent. There is another 
Derhiana, known in the flower market which is not in the least dis- 
tinguished, 

219. C, Eximia Vera. — Leaves ovate, lanceolate, large, acumi- 
nate, very dentate, horizontal, of an ordinary green ; bud large, 
flattened at the summit, scales calycinal, yellowish ; flower 3 1-2 
inches in diameter, very full, of a deep orange color, No. 8 ; some- 
times the petals are worked with a white line ; they are arranged iu 
six or seven rows, regularly imbricated, rounded, crenate"d at the 
summit, forming a beautiful rose, as in the C. Blanc Double. [Double 
white.] — Magnificent. There is known in the flower market an 
other Camellia under this name, produced by Mr Knight ; its flower 
is semi-double and but little esteemed. 

220. Incomparabilis. — Leaves 2 inches 9 l-ines wide and 4 inches 
long, roundish-oval, some of them laceolate, acuminate, with con- 
spicuous nerves, of a very brilliant green ; bud oblong, large, point- 
ed, with blackish scales ; flower large, 4 1-2 inches in diameter, 
single, deep orange-red, No. 7 ; eight broad petals, crenated at the 
summit, many erect and compact stamens. There exist, another 
Camellia under this name, whose flower is large, full, and like that 
of C, Conspicua. — Superb. 

221. C. Ignesccns. — Shrub vigorous; leaves rather large with 
small nerves, but well delineated, sprinkled with'spots of clear green, 
upon a more sombre ground ; flower of medium size, semi-double, 
deep orange-red, No. 6, petals flat, imbricated in three rows ; many 
stamens. — Passable. 

222. C. Lauchmani. — A vigorous shrub and of a graceful port ; 
foliage of a shining green ; flower large, single, of a deep orange-red, 
No. 6, velvety ; petals ample, erect, bilobed and elongate ; stamens 
short, some of them petaloids ; styles very long. — Passable. 

223. C, Magniflora plena. — Leaves large, some rounded and 
others oval, subcordiform, thick, stiff", glossy, reflex, numerous, of 
an obscure green ; bud oblong, rather large, with greenish scales ; 
flowers very double, regular, 3 1-2 inches in diameter, of a deep 
cherry-red. No. 5, approaching a poppy color ; exterior petals im- 
bricated in three rows, very broad, orenated at the summit, those of 
the centre swollen, roundish, regularly arranged ; flowers easily and 
for a long time. — Superb. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 85 

224. C. PuniccBflora. — Handsome foliagfi ; flower 3 inches in 
diameter, semi-double, irregular deep orange-red, No. 4, inclined to 
a pomegranate color. — Handsome. 

225. C. Parvijlora. — Leaves near, lanceolate, oblong, very 
acuminate, 2 inches broad and 3 inches 4 lines long, almost flat, 
finely and irregularly dentated, and of an obscure green ; bud large, 
oblong with blackish scales at the base, and yellowish at the summit ; 
flower 3 inches in diameter, full, regular, deep orange-red, No. 7 ; 
petals handsomely imbricated, very numerous, with a depressed 
heart, containing 2 or 3 sterile stamens. — Superb. 

22G. C. Palmerii purple Warrata. — Branches short ; leaves 
flat, rounded, very finely dentated, nerves not very apparent ; flower 
large, full, deep orange-red, No. 8. — Superb. 

227. C, Reewesii vera. — Port not very graceful ; leaves few and 
dispersed, 2 inches 2 lines wide and 4 long, curled, ovate, lanceolate, 
the point recurved, of a deep green ; bud large, pyramidal, with 
greenish scales ; flower 3 1-2 inches in diameter, double, deep or- 
ange-red, No. 7 ; petals of the circumference in two rows, an inch 
broad and I 1-2 long, hollowed in the form of a gutter, very much 
crenated at the summit; those of the centre elongate, narrow, slit 
into narrow strips and folded at the summit in the form of a dome 
and leaving a void in the interior, where appear a few stamens. — 
Superb. 

228. C. Rcnira. — Leaves 12 lines wide and 2 1-2 inches long, 
lanceolate, oblong, finely dentated, strongly nerved, of a pale green ; 
flower 3 inches in diameter, double, deep orange-red, No. 7; petals 
of the circumference very broad, oblong, crenated at the summit, 
those of the centre not numerous, long, narrow, folded over each oth- 
er, and resembling the interior of an anemone. — Superb. 

229. Rivinii. — Leaves 1 inch 10 lines broad and 3 inches 6 
lines long, ovate, elongate, acuminated, nerved and dentated, hori- 
zontal ; petioles 10 lines-long, of a pale red, which is often extended 
for a third of the length of the main nerve; bud elongate, pyrami- 
dal, with green scales ; flower 3 1-2 inches in diameter, of a beauti- 
ful deep orange-red. No. 7, very double ; petals of the circumference 
in several rows, oblong, a little spatulate, or spoon-form, crenated at 
the summit, and arranged in rows ; those of the interior, very nu- 
merous, erect, and forming a dome, as in C. Reewesii ; of the same 
color and same form. — Suptrb. ' 



86 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

FIRST GAMUT. 

BI C OL O R S. 

PIRSTDIVISION. 

Ground white striped or spotted with rose, as in No. 1. of the 
first gamut of the colored table. 

230. C. Banksii. — It is the Camellia Imperialis under the name 
of C. Banksii, perhaps a little more striped with red, which appears 
to us to depend on the vigor of the plant. 

231. C. Dianthijlora striata plena. — Leaves 2 inches wide 
and 3 inches 2 lines long, ovate-oblong, acuminated, horizontal, 
very dentate, a little recurved at their summits, very distinct nerves 
and of rather a deep green ; flower large, very double, of a pretty 
form, resembling very much that of Camellia Imperialis. 

232. C. Delicatissima. — Leaves 2 inches wide and 3 1-2 long, 
ovate oblong, attenuated at their two extremities, those of the su- 
perior having rather long points ; flower 3 1-2 inches in diameter, 
double, rose-form ; heart very large, being 2 inches 5 lines in diam- 
eter, petals curled, sinuous, irregular, those of the periphery, larger, 
being an inch and more broad, entire or sinuous, all white, striped 
with rose, stripes both large and small, and pretty numerous. — Su- 
perb. 

233. C. Elegantissima. — Leaves large, ovate-Janceolate, strongly 
nerved, of a deep green ; flower double, 3 inches in diameter, ground 
white, striped with rose. — Superb. 

2;54. C. Gloria Mundi. — There are, under this name, two differ- 
ent Camellias; the first has leaves 2 inches 9 lines broad, and 4 
inches long ; form, color, and dimensions of C. Imperialis, when this 
is very vigorous ; bud large, obtuse, with greenish scales ; flower of 
a white ground, striped with rose, as in the Camellia above named, 
from which it differs but very little ; only the heart is slightly yel- 
lowish. The second has leaves very nearly like those of C. Grandi- 
Jlora simplex ; its flower is double, cherry-red. No. 2, and very reg- 
lar. 

235. C. Imperialis. — Leaves 2 1-2 inches wide and 3 1-2 long, 
roundish-oval, very acuminate, rolled backward at the summit, 
horizontal, very much dentated, with Strong nerves, of a clea^r green ; 
bud egg-shaped, large, with greenish scales; flower three and a 
half inches in dia{neter, full, irregular, with a white ground slightly 



MONOGRAPH Y OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 87 

tinted or striped with rose ; petals of the circumference broad, 
flat, recurved, crenate at the summit ; those of the interior narrow, 
distorted, erect, united and forming an arched centre ahnost hemis- 
pherical, rumpled, resembling a Flemish pink, with a white ground 
striped with red. Petals entirely rose-colored are sometimes seen 
in this flower. — Ma§nijicent. 

236. C. Imbricataalha. — Leaves three inches wide and from four 
to five long, dispersed, oval, elliptical, attenuated, at the two ex- 
tremities, handsomely nerved, point recurved downward ; flower 
three and a half inches in diameter, spheroidal, very full and form- 
ing a regular rose, the petals of which gradually diminish in size 
towards the centre, and are mutually imbricated from the centre to 
the circumference, each has a free border, a little sinuous, entire, 
two lines broad in the centre and augmenting to twentyfive lines 
in the periphery ; they are white with distinct red or white stripes. 
— Magnificent. 

237. C. Punctata simplex, or 

238. C. Single striped. — Leaves two and a half inches wide 
and three long; form, color and dimensions of C. simplex alba; — 
flower of medium size, single, white, striped or dotted with rose. — 
Insignijicant. 

239* C. Pictanata. — Leaves three and a half inches wide and 
four long, near, acuminated at the summit and rounded at the base, 
oval, elliptical, the point bent downward, shining ; flower three and 
a half inches in diameter, spherical, very double ; petals of the cen- 
tre and also those of the circumference curled, sinuous, irregular, 
folded ; those of the periphery entire, of a pure white, and occasion- 
ally some of them striped with red ; a few stamens. — Superb. 

240. C. Regina Galliarum, or 

241. C Eclipse. — Leaves and bud like those of C. Imperialis ; 
flower three and a half inches in diameter, full, a little arched in 
the centre, ground white slightly spotted with rose ; petals of the 
exterior recurved symmetrically, twisted and striped, as in the flower 
of C. Imperialis ; this has heretofore been called the Eclipse ; but 
the Messrs. Bowman have named it C Regina Galliarum. — Superb. 

242. C. Sabina. — Leavesof a medium size, roundish-oval, slightly 
acuminated, bud pyramidal, with green scales ; flower large, full, 
and of a very pale or whitish carnation color. — Superb. 

243. C. Stryphosa. (Rap.) Leaves of a medium size, ovate-Ian- 



88 MONOGRAPHf OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

ceolate, slightly acuminated, much dentated, of a beautiful green; 
flower double, large, ground white, striped or more properly dotted 
with rose and red ; handsomely formed. — Superb. 

244. C. Spoffortiana. — A vigorous shrub and of an elegant port ; 
leaves oval, horizontal, nerves salient, of a deep green, teeth distant 
and very acute ; buds very large, with greenish scales ; flower three 
inches in diameter, full, of a milk-white with a few red stripes. — 
Superb. 

245. C. Victoria aiitwerpiensis — Leaves two inches thcee lines 
wide and four long, some roundish-oval, others lanceolate, acumi- 
nate, of a dull green ; flower very double, three inches in diameter, 
exhibiting some rose stripes on a white ground. — Superb. 

FIRST GAMUT. 

BI C O L O R S. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Ground rose striped or spotted with cherry-red, as in No. 1, of 
the colored table. 

246. C. Colvillii vera. — Shrub very vigorous ; leaves three inches 
three lines wide and four inches seven lines long, broad, roundish- 
oval, a little acuminated, much dentated, with very salient nerves, 
thick, horizontal, slightly recurved downward, of a very deep green ; 
bud very large, with scales, blackish on the border and yellowish in 
the middle; flower three inches and ten lines and often more in di- 
ameter; ground color clear rose, one shade darker than No. 1, and 
striped with carmine-red ; form and disposition of the petals as in 
the flower of C Punctata plena, but of greater dimensions. — Slas^- 
nificcnt. 

247. C. Gray Venus. 

248. C Gray. 

249. C Eclipse. 

250. C. Sphndida. 
251- C. Venusta. 

252. C. Punctata ylena. — All these Camellias are sub-varieties, 
which resemble each other so much, that it is better to consider them 
as a single one. See below C. Punctata plena. All these double 
denominations came to us from beyond the sea. 

253. C. Punctata plena.— ^hxuh vigorous and of an elegant port ; 
leaves oval, almost round, two and a half inches-wide and three and 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE QENU8 CAMELLIA. 89 

a half long, with very prominent nerves, much dentated, of a deep 
green ; bud large, depressed at the summit, with apple-green scales ; 
flower three inches in diameter, full, ground rose, marked with 
cherry-red lines, No. 1 ; petals of the circumference broad, crenate 
at the summit, and convex ; those of the centre small, elongate and 
erect ; floral form of C Imperialis, but the mixture of its colors 
renders it more apparent. This Camellia sometimes produces flow- 
ers, entirely red or rose, and without stripes. We think that C. 
Preston Eclipse is identical with this, and that this accidental va- 
riety has been established by grafting. — Magnificent. 

254. C. Punctata major. — Shrub vigorous; leaves broad, oval, 
nearly four inches long and three and a half wide, of a glossy green, 
finely veined, dentate, point bent downwards; flower four inches in 
diameter, considerably double, of a beautiful clear rose. No. 2, finely 
striped with blood-red, and spotted with white ; corolla rose-form. — 
3Iagnificent. 

255. C. Rosa mundi. 

256. C. Splendidi id. 

257. C. Venusta id. — See 

258. C. Punctata plena. 

FIRST GAMUT. 

B I COLORS. 

THIRD DIVISION. 

Ground clear or deep cherry, spotted with white. 

259. C AglcB. — Leaves two inches nine lines wide and three and a 
half long, reflex, roundish-oval, acuminate ; buds with green scales ; 
flower three inches in diameter, double, ground cherry. No. 2, often 
of that color only and sometimes spotted with white ; stamens mixed 
with a ievi interior petals, flowers easily and abundantly. — Very 
handsome. 

260. C. Adonidea. — Leaves very nearly like those of the Preston 
Eclipse ; flower large, very double, of a cherry -red, No. 1, striped 
with white, form of a Flemish pink. We think that this Camellia is a 
sub-variety of Preston Eclipse, modified by culture. — Superb. 

26L C. Cariophyllce jiora, or 

262. C. Dianthifora. — Shrub very vigorous, of not a very grace- 
ful port ; branches expanded, recurved; leaves of ordinary size, a 
12 



yU MONOGRAPHT OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 

little inclined on the branches, elongate-oval, strongly veined ; bud 
with blackish scales, elongate, acute ; flower broad, sometimes dou- 
ble and often single, cherry-red, No. 2 ; petals of the circumference 
subcordiforra, broad, dispersed, in number 7; those of the centre 
swollen, erect, numerous, striated with white, and forming by their 
union an arched centre. The late flowers are single and the centre 
is full of stamens. This variety bears seed and produces superb 
sub-varieties. 

263. C. Coronata Rosa. — Leaves two and a half inches wide, 
and four long, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, strongly nerved, 
deeply dentated, of the same green as that of C. Imperialis ; flower 
large, double, well formed, deep cherry, No. 1 ; exterior petals broad, 
handsomely arranged, gracefully displayed, striped or spotted with 
white; those of the interior, smaller, contorted, and also striped or 
spotted with white. — Superb. 

264. C. Cardinalis, or 

265. C. Moencii. — Leaves pretty large, near, a little curled, bor- 
ders very dentate, nerves very apparent, surface uneven ; bud ob- 
long, with yellowish green scales ; flower semi-double, rather large, 
deep cherry, No. 1, with some shades clearer than that of C. 
Variegata plena ; petals of the centre intermixed with fertile sta- 
mens, of different lengths ; calyx divided into four segments, as in 
C. Sophiana, the styles surmount the bud before it expands. — 
Handsome. 

266. C. Douklari. — Leaves two inches broad, and four long, flat, 
near, ovate-oblong, attenuated at the two extremities, and the superi- 
or reflex, of a shining apple-green regularly dentated ; bud calyx in 
fine green divisions, papyraceous, reddish at the base, five lines broad 
and eight long ; flower from three to four inches in diameter ; petals 
about 20, an inch broad, and nearly two long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 
entire, cherry-red, No. 1, variegated and sprinkled with white ; the 
heart of the corolla is composed of from four to six curled petals, 
between which are perceived several fertile stamens, with others in 
a petaloid state. — Magnificent. 

267. C. Fioniana. — Leaves small, lanceolate ; flower small, red, 
splashed with white, double; it is an odd variety, derived from C. 
Variegata, which has been established by grafting. — Pretty. 

268. C. Melinetti. — Leaves two inches wide, and three and three 
lines long, roundish oval, slightly acuminated, deeply dentated, 



MONOGRAPHV OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 91 

Strongly nerved, recurved in a shell-form, forming a parasol in the 
manner of those of C. Colvilliivera; flower large, full, of a beauti- 
ful cherry-red, No. 3 ; petals bordered and striped with pure white. 
— Superb. 

269. C. Marmorata. — A shrub with yellowish branches, leaves 
roundish-oval, deeply dentate ; bud small, rounded at the base, a 
little pointed at the summit; flower semi-double, cherry-red, No. 1, 
a little spotted with white, or rather, marbled with white. — Passable. 

270. C. Phillippe I. or 

271. C. Mexicana. (Sac.) — Leaves of a medium size, oval, a 
little lanceolate, of a deep green ; bud pointed-oval ; flower medium 
double, cherry-red, No. 2, spotted with white; it is very like the 
flower of C. Fioniana, a little more spotted with white. — Passable. 

272. C. Variegata plena. — Shrub very vigorous; leaves, some 
rounded and others lanceolate, flat or revolute, very much dentated, 
with "strong nerves, of a very deep green ; this rustic shrub promptly 
attains a considerable elevation, in all climates, and flowers easily 
and in a short time; it sometimes bears seeds, especially when in the 
open ground. Very beautiful sub-varieties have been obtained from 
its seed ; bud large, oblong, a little acuminate at the summit, with 
scales always green ; flower three and a half inches in diameter, 
sometimes even four, cherry-red, No. 3, irregularly spotted with 
white ; petals ample, recurved, some crenate and others entire at the 
summit ; some of those in the centre erect and intermixed with sta- 
mens. In winter the flower is spotted, in the spring it is almost en- 
tirely red. — Magnificent. 

273. C Variegata monstruosa. — Leaves very nearly like those of 
C. Crassinervia ; bud large, obtuse, with greenish scales ; flower 
large double, of a cherry-red. No. 2, spotted with white. — Beautiful. 

274. C. Versicolor. — We have in our collection, several Camellias 
under this name ; that here described is a plant which has large 
leaves, roundish-oval, attenuated at the summit, near, of a deep green, 
and of the kind of those of C Chandlerii; bud oval, scales black- 
ish ; flower pretty large, double, of a deep orange-red, No. 4. 
with roundish petals dotted with white in the middle; they much re- 
semble those of C. Leana Superba. The other Versicolor, has a 
flower very like that of C. Variegata plena, the white is a little 
more regular ; the leaves are reflex and have the point recurved 
downwards. 



92 • MONOfiRAPHY OP THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

SECOND GAMUT. 

BIC OL OR S . 

FIRSTDIVSION. 

Ground yellowish carnation, striped with white, Nos. I and 2. 

275. C. Swetia vera. — Leaves two and a half inches wide, and 
four long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, dentate, stiff, thick, or ranged in 
the form of a parasol, obtuse, very much veined, with strong nerves, 
teeth of the borders very large and of rather a clear green ; flower 
of a medium size, double, ground yellowish carnation, as in No. 2, 
of this gamut; petals arranged in three rows, veined vertically or 
rather sprinkled with orange-red, No. 3 ; the borders are white, 
some of them double, crenate at the summit ; those of the centre 
small, not numerous, cut into narrow lines, erect, of the same color 
as the others, and intermixed with a few sterile stamens. — Magnifi- 
cent. 

SECOND GAMUT, 

BICOLORED FLOWERS. 
Ground clear or deep orange-red, striped or spotted with v/hite. 

SECOND Division. 

276. C. Chancllerii striata. See C. Chandlerii. 

277. C. Cuninghammi mutahilis. — Leaves- oval, broad, slightly 
acuminate, finely dentated ; flower rather large, double, ground 
orange-red. No 7 ; petals arranged gracefully, imbricated, and of 
different sizes, deeply crenated at the summit, some of them mark- 
ed with cross lines of pure white ; a few stamens in the centre.— 
Very pretty. 

278. C. Imhricata tricolor. — We possess two Camellias of this 
name, the first was received from Mr Knight, of London : It dif- 
fers but little in its leaves from C. Imhricata rubra ; its flower is 
handsomely imbricated, double and of a deep orange-red, spotted 
with white ; in the centre are a few stamens. — Very beautiful. 

The second is a variety, which was imported by Mr Siebold ; its 
flower is semi-double, very handsomely formed, large, and shaded 
with several varieties of red and rose. — Very beautiful. 

279. C. Loukiana. — Shrub vigorous, of an elegant port ; 
flower very double, of a beautiful orange-red, No. 3 ; the petals of 
the centre, erect and curled, sometimes striped a little with white. 



MONOGRAPHV OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 93 

which gives the flower a very agreeable form and appearance ; oc- 
casionally the whole flower is spotted with white. — Magnificent. 

280. C. Master double red. — Leaves somewhat large, ovate-obtuse, 
rolled under, others inclined towards the stock, strongly nerved, of 
a deep green ; bud of a medium size, scales calycinal, yellowish ; 
flower large, double, of an orange-red, No. 4, sometimes also spot- 
ted with white. — Very handsome- 

281. C. Leana superba. — Leaves two inches broad and three 
long, rounded, slightly acuminated, glabrous, of a glossy green ; bud 
very large, oblong, with yellow calycinal scales ; flower, more than 
three inches in diameter, double, of a deep orange-red, No. 3; pe- 
tals from 30 to 35, 14 lines long; those of the circumference are 
red, some of them striped with white toward the middle, crenated 
or rounded at the summit ; those of the centre are rose-color worked 
with white. — Superb. 

282. C. Warrata fiammula. — Leaves rather large, roundish oval, 
a little lanceolate, of a dull green ; bud oblong, with yellowish 
scales; flower three and a half inches in diameter, deep orange-red 
No. 3; petals of the circumference 6 or 7, broad, crenated at the 
summit, border reflex ; those of the interior are but petaloid sta- 
mens ; bears seed. — Pretty. 



EPILOGUE. 

Here terminate our observations upon the genus Camellia. We 
have exerted ourselves to be clear and exact in this treatise, without 
being dry and tedious ; it is from the suff'rages of enlightened and 
consciencious horticulturists, that we are to learn whether we have 
succeeded. Having be^n solicited to undertake the labor, we owe 
it to ourselves to declare, that not any motive of speculation, or of 
self-love has guided our pen, but only a lively desire to be useful to 
the greatest number. 

Finally, we ought to declare, that we regard this work, but as the 
base, upon which a more able hand, will be enabled to erect a more 
solid monument, and one more worthy the science of horticulture. 
The boldness of our enterprise, may, possibly, be disapproved or 



m 



94 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 

censured ; but we accept, in advance all blame, if we have been 
sufficiently happy to render any service to horticulture, and shall be 
obliged to every Aristarchus, whose criticism may still more en- 
lighten that public, for which we have written ; for our device ha» 
been and will ever be : 

The general interest before all others. 



S YNOPTIC AL TABLE. 

Indicating the color of the Camellia, its name, the form of its 
flower, the species or variety from which it was produced, the place 
of its origin, and the period of its introduction into Europe. 

The * designates the species from which all the varieties have been obtained. 
UNICOLORED FLOWERS. 

PUREWHITE. 

(Page 45.) 



Name of Camelliiv. 


Form. 


Species or variety 


Origin. 


Introduction. 


Alba simplex, 


reg. single, 
reg. full. 


single red, 


Europe, 


England, 1812. 


" plena, 


unknown. 


Japan, 


do. 1792. 


Amabilis, 


reg. sing. 


single red, 


Europe, 


do. .825. 


"Axillaris vera, 


irreg. sing. 


a species. 


China, 


do. 1820. 


Anemone fl. alb. 


irreg. full, 


warrata, 


Europe, 


do. Chandler. 


Do. warrata carnea, 


irreg. full, 


warrata, 


do. 


do. 


Candidissima, 


reg. full. 


unknown, 


Japan, 


do. 1830. 


Compacta, 


irreg. dble. 


pink. 


Europe, 


do. Teoting. 


Corvatheaefolia, 


reg. dble. 


unknown, 


do. 


do. 1833. 


*Euryoides, 

Excelsa, 


reg. sing. 


species. 


China, 


do. 1830. 


irreg. dble. 


single white. 


Europe, 


do. 1830. 


Fimbriata, 


reg. full, 


unknown. 


Japan, 


do. 1816. 


Gallica alba, 


irreg. dble. 


pink. 


Europe, 


France, 1830. 


Granelli, 


irreg. dble. 


warrata, 


do. 


Italy, 1834. 


•Kissi, 


reg. sing. 


species. 


China, 


England, 1823. 


Lacteola, 


irreg. dble. 


warrata. 


Europe, 


Italy, 1830. 


Nivea, 


ir. semi d. 


unknown. 


do. 


Belgium, 


Nobilissima, 


irreg. full. 


pink. 


do. 


do. 1834. 


*01eifera, 


reg. sing.- 


species. 


Cochin China, 


England, 1810. 


"Oleaefolia, 


reg. sing. 


species. 


China, 


do. 1810. 


Palmeri alba, or 










Pomponias f. 


reg.semid. 


pomponia. 


Europe, 


do. 1815. 


Do. plena, 


irreg. full. 


unknown. 


Japan, 


do. 1810. 


Rollissoni, 


reg. dble. 


pink, 


Europe, 


Italy, 1813. 


"Sasanqua, 


reg. sing. 


species. 


China, 


England, 1810. 


Splendidissima, 


irreg. full. 


variety en a, 


Europe, 


Paris, Abbe 
Berlese, 


Weimaria, 


reg.semid. 


unknown. 


do. 


England, 


Welbanksiana, or 










Heptangularis, 


irreg. dble. 


pomponia, 


China, 


do. Wilbanckt. 



96 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 



FIRST GAMUT. 
UNICOLORED FLOWERS. 

CLEAR ROSE. 

(Page 50 . — IDominanl color. Lake mixed with more or less vermilion and Naples 
yellow, as in Nos. 2, 3, and 4, of the colored table. ) 



Name of Camellia. 


Form. 


Species or Tariety. 


Origin. 


Inlroduction. 


Aitonia or Amplis- 








sima, 


reg. single, 


single red, 


Europe, 


Eng., Alton. 


Apollina, 


irreg. full, 


pink, 


do. 


France, Cachet, 
1833. 


Coloured, 


reg. single, 


single red. 


do. 


France. 


Crouyoud, 


reg.sem.d. 


warrata. 


do. 


Belgium, 1834. 


Dahliaflora, 


irreg. s. d. 


pink. 


do. 


England. 
Knight. 


Expansa, 


irreg. s. d. 


do. 


do. 


England. 


Fasciculata, 


irreg. dou. 


do. 


do. 


Italy, Milan. 


Guessonia, 


irreg. s. d. 


single red, 


do. 


England. 


Heterophylia, 


irreg. d. 


warrata, 


do. 


do. 


Lindleya, 


irreg. s. d. 


single red. 


do. 


do. Lindley. 


Paeoniae flora rosea, 


irreg. full. 


unknown, 


China, 


do. IblO, 
Hampden. 


Pink, 


irreg. s. d. 


single red, 


Japan, 


do. Middle, 
Miss Turner. 


Perle des Cam. 


irreg. f. 


pomponia, 


Europe, 


do. 


Pulcherrima or 










Roleni, 


reg. doub. 


aitonia, 


do. 


do. 


Rosea plena. 


irreg. d. 


expansa. 


do. 


Germany. 


Roseana, 


irreg. full. 


unknown, 


do. 


England. 


Resplendens, 


irreg. full. 


unknown. 


do. 


do. 1833. 


Sinensis rosea. 


irreg. dou. 


uxpansa, 


do.. 


do. Vauxhall, 

Nursery. 


Spectabilis, 
•Sasanqua rosea. 


irreg. dou. 


pink. 


do. 


Paris, 1830. 


irreg. full, 


species. 


China, 


England, 1826, 










Capt. Rawes. 


Theresiana, 


irreg. full. 


pink. 


Europe, 


Germany, 


Venosa, 


irreg. full, 


do. 


do. 


do. 


Virginica, 


irreg. full. 


single red. 


do. 


England. 


Viltonia, 


irreg. dou. 


pink, 


do. 


Belgium. 


Wilbrohamia, 


irreg. dou. 


single red. 


do. 


England. 



FIRST GAMUT. 

CLEAR CHERRY RED. 

(Page 54. — Dominant color. Carmine lake, mixed with rose lake and vermilion, as 
in Nos. 1, 2, and 3, of the colored table.) 



Name of Camellia. 



Aucubaefolia, 

Amerstia, 

Amcena, 



reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 



Species or variety. 



single red, 
warrata, 
single red, 



Origii 



Europe, 
do. 
do. 



Inlroduction. 



England, 1818. 

do. 
Italy. 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



97 



Augusta, 
Aluntii superba, 
Buckliana, 

Belle Rosalie, 
Brocksiana, 
Belle Henriette, 
Berlesiana, 

Blanda, 
Boumanni, 
Celsiana, 
Crassinervia or 

Crassifolia, 
Cliviana, 
Chamlerii, 
Conchiflora, 
Conchiflora nova, 
Cramoisina Par- 

raentieni, 
Charles Auguste, 
Conchata, 
Colla, 
Carolus, 
Camtoniana, 
Decora, 
Dorsetti or Partho- 

niana, 
Dianthiflora, 
Excelsiana, 
Exoniensis, 
Elegans Chandlerii, 
Elegantissima, 
Elegans, 
Emperol- d'Autri, 

Florida, 

Fascicularjs, 

Flaccida, 

Fordii, 

Fulgentissima, 

Formosa, 

Formosissima, 

Fraserii, 

Gigantea, 

Grandiflora, 

Gloriosa, 

Hallesia, 

Husseyussoni, 

Hosackia, 

Hibbertia, 

Herbertii, 

Hu mboldtiana. 

Hybrida colorata, 

Imbricata, 

Insignis alba, 
do. de Tat, 
do. rubra, 

Iddebiana, 

Knightii eximia, 

Latirolia nova. 



irreg dou. 
irreg. dou. 
reg. s. dou. 

irreg. dou. 
reg. 8 d. 
reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 

irreg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. sing. 

irreg. dou. 
irreg. full, 
reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
irreg. s. d. 

reg. dou. 
reg. s. d. 
irreg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. s. d. 
reg. full, 

irreg. full, 
reg. sing, 
reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. full, 
reg. full, 
reg. sing, 
reg. dou. 

reg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. simp, 
reg. dou. 
irreg. dou. 
reg. dou. 
reg. full, 
reg. full, 
reg. full, 
reg. sing, 
reg. dou. 
irreg. dou. 
ifreg. s. d. 
irreg. s. d. 
irreg. s. d. 
irreg. s. d. 
in eg. dou. 
irreg dou. 
reg. full, 
reg. sing, 
irreg. s. d. 
reg. sing, 
reg. dou. 
irreg. s. d. 
irreg. dou. 

13 



corollina, 
single red, 
anemonae flo- 
ra, 
pink, 
do. 
eipansa, 
coccinea, 

warrata, 
varieg. pie. 
single red, 

pink, 

papaveracea, 
splendens, 
expansa, 
single red, 

warrata, 

do 
pink, 
single red, 
coccinea, 
pink, 
coccinea, 

rubra plena, 
warrata, 
pink, 

varieg. plena, 
corollina, 
warrata, 
single red, 
coccinea, 

coccinea, 
single red, 
single red, 
unknown, 
pink, 

rubra plena, 
varieg. plena, 
unknowB, 
rubra plena, 
single red, 
warrata, 
single red, 
coccinea, 
warrata, 
single red, 
single red, 
varieg. plena, 
pink, 
unknown, 
dianthiflora, 
pink, 

anemonaeflora, 
unknown, 
pink, 
staminea sine, 



Europe, 
do. 

do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 

do. 
do. 
do. 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 

do 
Japan, 
Europe, 

do 

do 
Japan, 
Europe, 

do 

do 

do 

do 
America, 
Europe, 

do 

do 

do 
China, 
Europe, 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 



England. 

do. 1820. 

do. 
France. 
England. 
France. 
Paris, Abbe 

Berlese,1831. 
Belgium. 
Abbe Berlese. 
England. 



1830. 



do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
Milan. 



Pamentierl833. 

England. 

Italy. 

So. 
Germany. 
England. 

do. 
England and 
Belgium. 

do. 1822. 
Belgium. 
England. 
England, 
do. Chandler. 
Belgium. 
Abbe Berlese. 

1833. 
England. 

do. 
Italy. 
England. 
Belgium. 
England. 
Belgium. 
England, 1834. 

do. 

do. 
Belgium. 
England. 

do. 
Floy. 
England. 

do. 
Germany. 
Netherlands. 
England, 1820. 
England. 

do. 

do. 
Belgium. 
England. 

do. 1830. 



98 



MONOGRAFHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



Lambertii, 


reg. sing. 


single red. 


Europe, 


Belgium- 


MacrophyJla, 


reg. dou. 


coccinea. 


do 


Italy. 


Miss Rosa, 


reg. s. d. 


pink. 


do 


England. 


Magniflora simp., 


reg. sing. 


single red, 
pink. 


do 


Milan, Casoritti. 


Mutabilis, 


reg dou. 


do 


Paris, Tampo- 

net. 
England. 


Nannetenis, 


reg. dou. 


coccinea. 


do 


New Imported, 


reg. dou. 


pink, 


do 


do. 


Osburnea, 


reg. sing. 


warrata. 


do 


do. 


Oxoniensis, 


reg. dou. 


rubra simp.. 


do 


do. 


Ornata, 


reg. dou. 


coccinea. 


do 


do. 


Percyae, 


reg. sing. 


single red, 


do 


do. 


Pencillata, 


reg. s. d. 


papaveracea. 


do 


Belgium. 


Parthoniana, 


irreg. full, 


rubra plena. 


do 


do. Meens. 


Preston-eclipse, 


irreg. full, 


pomponia, 
single red. 


do 


England. 


Paradoxa, 


reg. sing. 


do 


do. 


Pulchella, 


reg. dou. 


pink, 


do 


Belgium. 


PaBonise flora rubra. 


irreg. full. 


unknown, 


Japan, 


England. 


Parksii striped. 


reg. dou, 


coccinea. 


Europe, 


do. 


Palmerii rubra, 


reg. dou. 


pink. 


do 


do. 


PlumarJa, 


reg. sing. 


dianthiflora, 


do 


do. 


Reine des Pays- 








Belgium. 


Bas. 


irreg. s. d. 


single red. 


do 


Germany. 


Radiata, 


reg. full. 


coccinea, 


do 


do. 


Rosa sinensis. 


reg. full. 


pink, 


do 


Eng.jVauxhallj 

Nursery. 


•Reticulata, 


irreg. s. d. 


species, 


China 


Eng., Captain 
Rawes, 1824 


Rubricaulis, 


reg. s. d. 


single red, 


Europe, 


England. 


Rosa punctata, 


reg. dou. 


aitonia. 


do 


do. 


Rosas flora. 


reg. dou. 


single red, 


do 


Belgium. 


Scintillans, 


irreg. dou. 


pink, 


do 


England. 


Sericea, 


reg. dou. 


unknown. 


do 


do. 


Superba, 


reg. dou. 


single red, 


do 


Italy. 


Staminea simpl., 


reg. sing. 


single red. 


do 


England. 


Sophiana, 


reg. s. d. 


single red. 


, do 


Paris, 1834. 


Spathulata, 
Thunbergia, 


reg. sing. 


single red, 


do 


England. 


reg. dou. 


corallina, 


do 


do. 


Triumphans, 


reg. full. 


pink. 


do 


do. 


Venustissima, 


irreg. s d. 


warrata. 


do 


Germany. 


Warrata striata, 


reg. dou. 


pink, 


do 


Belgium. 


Woodsiana, 


irreg s. d. 


single red, 


do 


do. 


Woodtii, 


reg. full. 


pomponia. 


do 


England. 



FIRST GAMUT 



D^EP CHERRY RE D 



Page 71. — Dominant color. Carmine mixed with morp or less vermiljon, aiSj ii| 
Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 7, of the colored table.) 



Name of Camellia. 



Alexandreana, 

Altheaeflora, 
AtrovioJacea, 



irreg. full, 

irreg. dou. 
reg. «ing. 



I aud variety. 



warrata, 

rubra plena, 
single red, 



Origin. 



Europe, 

do 
do 



Angers, Cach- 
et, 1S33. 
England- 



MbNOGRAPHIf OF THfi GENCS CAMELLIA. 



99 



Anemone mutabi- 










lis. 


reg. full. 


corollina, 


Europe, 


England. 


Anemone var. ro- 










sea, 


irreg. full. 


warrata. 


do 


England, Low. 


Blackburniana, 


reg. dou. 


warrata. 


do 


England. 


Braxelliensis, 


reg. s. d. 


single red. 


do 


Belgium. 


Berlesiana fulgens, 


reg. dou. 


coccinea. 


do 


Abbe Berlese, 


Concinna, 


reg. full, 


coccinea. 


do 


England. 


Coccinea, 


reg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


do. 


Clintonia, 


reg. sing. 


warrata. 


America, 


Floy, N. York. 


Corollina, 


reg. dou. 


rubra plena, 


Europe, 


Eng., Chandler, 

1819. 


Dernii, 


irreg. full, 


single red, 


do 


England. 


Dilecta, 


reg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


Germany. 


Egertonia, 


reg. dou. 


rubricaulis. 


do 


England. 


Elphinstonia, 


reg. dou. 


warrata, 


do 


do. 


Flammea, 


irreg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


do. 


Fulgida, 


reg. sing. 


single red. 


do 


do. 


fulgens, 
(jloria Belgica, 


reg. sing, 
reg. sing. 


single red, 
single red. 


do 
do 


do. 
Belgium. 


Heugmaniana, 


reg. s. d. 


single red, 


do 


England. 


Hexangularis mon- 










struosa, 


reg. dou. 


coccinea, 


do 


do. 


Insignis purpurea, 


reg. sing. 


warrata, 


do 


do. 


Knightii, 


reg. sing. 


warrata. 


do 


do. 


Kermesina, 


irreg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


Germany. 


Lindria, 


irreg. s. d. 


aitonia. 


do 


England. 


Lucida, 


reg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


do. 


Mme. Adelaide, 


reg. dou. 


single red. 


do 


Paris, Tampo- 

net. 
England. 


Milleri, 


irreg. dou. 


double red, 


do 


Minuta, 


irreg. full, 


aitonia. 


do 


do. 


Myrtifolia, 


reg. full, 


unknown. 


Japan, 


England, 1808. 


do. Grandiflora, 


reg. full. 


unknown. 


China, 


Paris, Noisette. 


Papaveracea, 


reg. sing. 


single red. 


Europe, 


England. 


Parksii vera, 


irreg. full, 


rubra plena. 


do 


do. 


Prsecellentissima, 


reg. dou. 


warrata. 


do 


Germany. 


Pictorum coccinea, 


reg. dou. 


warrata, 


do 


Milan, Sacco. 


Platipetala, 


irreg. full. 


rubra plena. 


do 


England. 


*Rubra simplex. 


reg. sing. 


species. 


Japan, 


do. 17:^9. 


Rubra plena. 


irreg. full. 


rubra simplex, 


do 


Eng., in 1794, 
by Preston. 


Rubra maxima. 


irreg- full, 


do. 


do 


England. 


Rossi, 


irreg. full. 


do. 


Europe, 


Germany . 


Rex Bataviae, 


reg. dou. 


rubricaulis, 


do 


Belgium. 


Rawsiana or Roscii, 


irreg full. 


rubra plena, 


do 


Germany. 


Rossiana superba, 


irreg. s. d. 


rubra simplex. 


do 


Italy. 


Sanguinea, 


reg. sing. 


do. 


do 


England. 


Staminea plena, 


irreg. full^ 


rubra plena, 


do 


Germany. 


Superbissima, 


reg. dou. 


aitonia, 


do 


Milan, SaCco. 


Sparmanniana, 


reg. dou. 


spathulata, 


do 


England. 


Splendens vera. 


reg. full, 


rubra plena. 


do 


Eng., Clapponi. 


Speciosa vera, 


reg. full. 


do. 


Japan, 


Capt. Rawes. 


Tamponeana, 


reg. dou. 


rubra simplex. 


Europe, 


Paris, Tampo- 
net 


Warrata, or Ane. 


reg. dou. 


unknown, 


de 


England, 1816. 



102 



MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 



Cariopyhllae flora, 

Coroiiata rosea, 

Cardinalis, 

DonklEeri, 

Fioniana, 

Melinetti, 

Marmorata, 
Phillippi I., or 

Mexicana, 
Variegata plena, 

do. Monstruosa, 
Versicolor, 



reg. sing. 


warrata, 


Europe, 


England. 


reg. dou. 


coccinea. 


do 


England, Low. 


irreg. s. d. 


variegata. 


do 


Belgium. 


reg. s. d. 


uniinown, 


Japan, 


Siebold, 1833. 


irreg. dou. 


variegata. 


Europe, 


Paris. 


irreg. dou. 


pink. 


do 


Nantes, Meli 
net. 


irreg dou. 


do. 


do 


Belgium. 


irreg. dou. 


do 


do 


Milan, Sacco. 


irreg. dou. 


unknown. 


Japan, 


Eng., 1792, C 
Conner. 


irreg. dou. 


do. 


Europe, 


England. 


irreg. dou. 


pink, 


do 


do. 



SECOND GAMUT. 
BICOLORED FLOWERS. 

GROUND YELLOWISH CARNATION STRIPED WITH 

WHITE. 

(Page 92.) 

FIRST DIVISION. 



Name of Camellia. 


Form. 


Species or variety. 


Origin. 


lutroductiori. 


Ochroleuca, 
Swetia vera. 


reg. dou 
reg dou. 


unknown, 
do. 


Japan, 
Europe, 


Eng., Siebold, 

1833. 
Eng., Swet. 



SECOND GAMUT. 
BICOLORED FLOWERS. 

GROUND CLEAR OK DEEP ORANGE RED, STRIPED 
OR SPOTTED WITH WHITE. 

(Page 92.) 

SECOND DIVISION. 



N,ime of Caraellii 



Chandlerii striata, 
Cuninghami, 
Imbricata tricolor, 
Laukiana, 
Leana superba, 
Master double red, 
Warrata flaramula, 



reg. full, 
irreg. dou. 
irreg. s. d. 
irreg. full, 
irreg. dou. 
irreg. dou. 
irreg. s, d. 



Species or variety 



corallina, 

rubricaulis, 

unknown, 

rubra simp. 

unknown, 

pink, 

warrata, 



Origi, 



Europe, 

do 
Japan, 
Europe, 
Japan, 
Europe, 

do 



Eng., Chanler 

do. 
Siebold. 
England. 
Eng , Siebold. 
England. 
France. 



SYNOPTICAL TABLE 



COLORS OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 



DeDominaUon of ihe Painter. 



(4 



Dominant color : deep rose 
lake, Naples yellow and 
vermilion. 



Dominant color : clear rose 
lake, Naples yellow and 
vermilion. 



Dominant color : clear rose 
lake, Naples yellow and 
vermilion. 



Dominant color : clear rose 
lake and Naples yel- 
low. 



No. 4. 



No. 3. 



No. 2. 



No. 1. 



FIRST GAMUT. 



Denoininalion of the Dyer , 



Clear Cherry. 




Do. 



Do. 



Do. 




Camellia Japonica. 
TYPE. 



Synoptical Table of the Colors of the Genus Camellia, ii 



f 



a 
Pi 

Pi 

o 

w 

Q 



Denomination of tlie Painter. 



No. 7. 



Dominant color : deep car- 
mine, mixed with ver- 
milioa. 



Dominant color : deep car- 
mine, mixed with more 
vermilion. 



Dominant color: carmine 
mixed with vermilion. 




Denomination of the Dyer. 



Deep Crimson. 



No. 6. 




Clear Crimson. 



No. 5. 




Deep Cherry. 



No. 4. 



Dominant color : carmine 
mixed with more vermil- 




Do. 



No. a 



Dominant color : carmine 
lake and vermilion. 




Clear Cherry. 



No. 2. 



Dominant color: carmino-i 
lake, rose lake and ver 
milion. 




Do. 



No. 1. 



Dominant color ■ carmine 
lake, rose lake and ver- 
milion. 



Do. 



Synoptical Table of tJie Colors of the Genus Camellia iii 



DenominatioD of the Painter. 

Dominant color : rose lake 
and light red cinnabar. 



No. 9. 



Denomination of the Dyer. 

Common Salmon. 



Dominant color : rose lake 
and very light red cin- 
nabar . 



No. 1. 




Clear Salmon. 



No. 3. 



Dominant color : rose lake 
and cinnabar. 




Pale Flesh, 



No. 2. 



Dominant color : rose lake 
and cinnabar. 




Do. 



No. 1. 



Dominant color : rose lake 
and cinnabar. 



Do. 



SECOND GAMUT. 




Camellia Japonica. 
TYPE. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



D D D m 1 D li ■=] D 1 



